new operator 'in' added. It check if an item is member of a list, or if a key is contained in a dictionary

ast.go

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ func (self *ast) addToken(tk *Token) (err error) {
 }
 
 func (self *ast) addToken2(tk *Token) (t *term, err error) {
-	if t = newTerm(tk, nil); t != nil {
+	if t = newTerm(tk); t != nil {
 		err = self.addTerm(t)
 	} else {
 		err = tk.Errorf("unexpected token %q", tk.String())
@@ -128,6 +128,7 @@ func (self *ast) eval(ctx ExprContext, preset bool) (result any, err error) {
 		}
 		if err == nil {
 			result, err = self.root.compute(ctx)
+			ctx.setVar(ControlLastResult, result)
 		}
 		// } else {
 		// 	err = errors.New("empty expression")

common-errors.go

@@ -8,6 +8,20 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 )
 
+func errTooFewParams(minArgs, maxArgs, argCount int) (err error) {
+	if maxArgs < 0 {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("too few params -- expected %d or more, got %d", minArgs, argCount)
+	} else {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("too few params -- expected %d, got %d", minArgs, argCount)
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func errTooMuchParams(maxArgs, argCount int) (err error) {
+	err = fmt.Errorf("too much params -- expected %d, got %d", maxArgs, argCount)
+	return
+}
+
 // --- General errors
 
 func errCantConvert(funcName string, value any, kind string) error {
@@ -18,11 +32,15 @@ func errExpectedGot(funcName string, kind string, value any) error {
 	return fmt.Errorf("%s() expected %s, got %T (%v)", funcName, kind, value, value)
 }
 
+func errDivisionByZero(funcName string) error {
+	return fmt.Errorf("%s() division by zero", funcName)
+}
+
 // --- Parameter errors
 
-func errOneParam(funcName string) error {
+// func errOneParam(funcName string) error {
-	return fmt.Errorf("%s() requires exactly one param", funcName)
+// 	return fmt.Errorf("%s() requires exactly one param", funcName)
-}
+// }
 
 func errMissingRequiredParameter(funcName, paramName string) error {
 	return fmt.Errorf("%s() missing required parameter %q", funcName, paramName)

dict_test.go

@@ -25,20 +25,9 @@ func TestDictParser(t *testing.T) {
 		/*  2 */ {`{123}`, nil, errors.New(`[1:6] expected ":", got "}"`)},
 		/*  3 */ {`{1:"one",2:"two",3:"three"}`, map[int64]any{int64(1): "one", int64(2): "two", int64(3): "three"}, nil},
 		/*  4 */ {`{1:"one",2:"two",3:"three"}.2`, "three", nil},
-		// /*  3 */ {`[1,2,"hello"]`, []any{int64(1), int64(2), "hello"}, nil},
+		/*  5 */ {`#{1:"one",2:"two",3:"three"}`, int64(3), nil},
-		// /*  4 */ {`[1+2, not true, "hello"]`, []any{int64(3), false, "hello"}, nil},
+		/*  6 */ {`{1:"one"} + {2:"two"}`, map[any]any{1: "one", 2: "two"}, nil},
-		// /*  5 */ {`[1,2]+[3]`, []any{int64(1), int64(2), int64(3)}, nil},
+		/*  7 */ {`2 in {1:"one", 2:"two"}`, true, nil},
-		// /*  6 */ {`[1,4,3,2]-[3]`, []any{int64(1), int64(4), int64(2)}, nil},
-		// /*  7 */ {`add([1,4,3,2])`, int64(10), nil},
-		// /*  8 */ {`add([1,[2,2],3,2])`, int64(10), nil},
-		// /*  9 */ {`mul([1,4,3.0,2])`, float64(24.0), nil},
-		// /* 10 */ {`add([1,"hello"])`, nil, errors.New(`add(): param nr 2 (2 in 1) has wrong type string, number expected`)},
-		// /* 11 */ {`[a=1,b=2,c=3] but a+b+c`, int64(6), nil},
-		// /* 12 */ {`[1,2,3] << 2+2`, []any{int64(1), int64(2), int64(3), int64(4)}, nil},
-		// /* 13 */ {`2-1 >> [2,3]`, []any{int64(1), int64(2), int64(3)}, nil},
-		// /* 14 */ {`[1,2,3].1`, int64(2), nil},
-		// /* 15 */ {`ls=[1,2,3] but ls.1`, int64(2), nil},
-		// /* 16 */ {`ls=[1,2,3] but ls.(-1)`, int64(3), nil},
 	}
 
 	succeeded := 0

doc/Expr.adoc

@@ -22,49 +22,242 @@ Expressions calculator
 
 toc::[]
 
-#TODO: Work in progress#
+#TODO: Work in progress (last update on 2024/05/17, 15:47 p.m.)#
 
 == Expr
 _Expr_ is a GO package capable of analysing, interpreting and calculating expressions.
 
-
 === Concepts and terminology
 #TODO#
 
+image::expression-diagram.png[]
+
+=== `dev-expr` test tool
+`dev-expr` is a simple program that can be used to evaluate expressions interactively. As its name suggests, it was created for testing purpose.  In fact, in additon to the automatic verification test suite based on the Go test framework, `dev-expr` provides an important aid for quickly testing of new features during their development.
+
+`dev-expr` can work as a _REPL_, _**R**ead-**E**xecute-**P**rint-**L**oop_, or it can process expression acquired from files or standard input.
+
+The program can be downloaded from https://git.portale-stac.it/go-pkg/-/packages/generic/dev-expr/[dev-expr].
+
+Here are some examples of execution.
+
+.Run `dev-expr` in REPL mode and ask for help
+[source,shell]
+----
+# Type 'exit' or Ctrl+D to quit the program.
+
+[user]$ ./dev-expr
+expr -- Expressions calculator v1.7.1(build 2),2024/05/16 (celestino.amoroso@portale-stac.it)
+	Based on the Expr package v0.10.0
+	Type help to get the list of available commands
+	See also https://git.portale-stac.it/go-pkg/expr/src/branch/main/README.adoc
+
+>>> help
+--- REPL commands:
+      source -- Load a file as input
+         tty -- Enable/Disable ansi output <1>
+        base -- Set the integer output base: 2, 8, 10, or 16
+        exit -- Exit the program
+        help -- Show command list
+          ml -- Enable/Disable multi-line output
+        mods -- List builtin modules
+
+--- Command line options:
+    -b <builtin>       Import builtin modules.
+                       <builtin> can be a list of module names or a glob-pattern.
+                       Use the special value 'all' or the pattern '*' to import all modules.
+    -e <expression>    Evaluate <expression> instead of standard-input
+    -i                 Force REPL operation when all -e occurences have been processed
+    -h, --help, help   Show this help menu
+    -m, --modules      List all builtin modules
+    -p                 Print prefix form
+    -t                 Print tree form <2>
+
+>>> 
+----
+
+<1> Only available for single fraction values
+<2> Work in progress
+
+.REPL examples
+[source,shell]
+----
+[user]$ ./dev-expr
+expr -- Expressions calculator v1.7.1(build 2),2024/05/16 (celestino.amoroso@portale-stac.it)
+	Based on the Expr package v0.10.0
+	Type help to get the list of available commands
+	See also https://git.portale-stac.it/go-pkg/expr/src/branch/main/README.adoc
+
+>>> 2+3
+5
+>>> 2+3*(4-1.5)
+9.5
+>>> 0xFD + 0b1 + 0o1 <1>
+255
+>>> 1|2 + 2|3 <2>
+7|6
+>>> ml <3>
+>>> 1|2 + 2|3
+7
+-
+6
+>>> 1+2 but 5|2+0.5 <4>
+3
+>>> 1+2; 5|2+0.5 <5>
+3
+>>>
+----
+
+<1> Number bases: 0x = hexadecimal, 0o = octal, 0b = binary.
+<2> Fractions: numerator | denominator.
+<3> Activate multi-line output of fractions.
+<4> But operator, see <<_but_operator>>.
+<5> Multi-expression: the same result of the previous single expression but this it is obtained with two separated calculations.
+
 == Data types
 _Expr_ supports numerical, string, relational, boolean expressions, and mixed-type lists.
 
 === Numbers
-Numbers can be integers (GO int64) or float (GO float64). In mixed operations involving integers and floats, integers are automatically promoted to floats.
+_Expr_ supports three type of numbers:
+
+. [blue]#Integers#
+. [blue]#Floats#
+. [blue]#Factions#
+
+In mixed operations involving integers, fractions and floats, automatic type promotion to the largest type take place.
+
+==== Integers
+__Expr__'s integers are a subset of the integer set. Internally they are stored as Golang _int64_ values.
+
+.Integer literal syntax
+====
+*_integer_* = [_sign_] _digit-seq_ +
+_sign_ = "**+**" | "**-**" +
+_digit-seq_ = _dec-seq_ | _bin-seq_ | _oct-seq_ | _hex-seq_ +
+_dec-seq_ = {__dec-digit__} +
+_dec-digit_ = "**0**"|"**1**"|...|"**9**" +
+_bin-seq_ = "**0b**"{__bin-digit__} +
+_bin-digit_ = "**0**"|"**1**" +
+_oct-seq_ = "**0o**"{__oct-digit__} +
+_oct-digit_ = "**0**"|"**1**"|...|"**7**" +
+_hex-seq_ = "**0x**"{__hex-digit__} +
+_hex-digit_ = "**0**"|"**1**"|...|"**9**"|"**a**"|...|"**z**"|"**A**"|...|"**Z**"
+====
+
+Value range: *-9223372036854775808* to *9223372036854775807*
 
 .Arithmetic operators
 [cols="^1,^2,6,4"]
 |===
 | Symbol    | Operation     | Description               | Examples
-
+| [blue]`+` | _sum_         | Add two values            | [blue]`-1 + 2` -> 1
-| [blue]`+` / [blue]`-` | _change sign_ | Change the sign of values | [blue]`-1` _[-1]_ +
+| [blue]`-` | _subtraction_ | Subtract the right value from the left one | [blue]`3 - 1` -> 2
-[blue]`-(+2)` _[-2]_
+| [blue]`*` | _product_     | Multiply two values       | [blue]`-1 * 2` -> -2
-
+| [blue]`/` | _Division_    | Divide the left value by the right one^(*)^ | [blue]`-10 / 2` -> 5
-| [blue]`+` | _sum_ | Add two values | [blue]`-1 + 2` _[1]_ +
+| [blue]`%` | _Modulo_      | Remainder of the integer division | [blue]`5 % 2` -> 1
-[blue]`4 + 0.5` _[4.5]_
-
-| [blue]`-` | _subtraction_ | Subtract the right value from the left one | [blue]`3 - 1` _[2]_ +
-[blue]`4 - 0.5` _[3.5]_
-
-| [blue]`*` | _product_ | Multiply two values | `-1 * 2` _[-2]_ +
-[blue]`4 * 0.5` _[2.0]_
-
-| [blue]`/` | _Division_ | Divide the left value by the right one | [blue]`-1 / 2` _[0]_ +
-[blue]`1.0 / 2` _[0.5]_
-
-| [blue]`./` | _Float division_ | Force float division | [blue]`-1 ./ 2` _[-0.5]_
-
-| [blue]`%` | _Modulo_ | Remainder of the integer division | [blue]`5 % 2` _[1]_
-
 |=== 
 
-=== String
+^(*)^ See also the _float division_ [blue]`./` below.
-Strings are character sequences enclosed between two double quote [blue]`"`. Example: [blue]`"I'm a string"`.
+
+
+==== Floats
+__Expr__'s floats are a subset of the rational number set. Note that they can't hold the exact value of an unlimited number; floats can only approximate them. Internally floats are stored as Golang's _float64_ values.
+
+
+.Float literal syntax
+====
+*_float_* = [_sign_] _dec-seq_ "**.**" [_dec-seq_] [("**e**"|"**E**") [_sign_] _dec-seq_] +
+_sign_ = "**+**" | "**-**" +
+_dec-seq_ = _see-integer-literal-syntax_
+====
+
+.Examples
+`>>>` [blue]`1.0` +
+[green]`1` +
+`>>>` [blue]`0.123` +
+[green]`0.123` +
+`>>>` [blue]`4.5e+3` +
+[green]`4500` +
+`>>>` [blue]`4.5E-33` +
+[green]`4.5e-33` +
+`>>>` [blue]`4.5E-3` +
+[green]`0.0045` +
+`>>>` [blue]`4.5E10` +
+[green]`4.5e+10`
+
+
+.Arithmetic operators
+[cols="^1,^2,6,4"]
+|===
+| Symbol    | Operation     | Description               | Examples
+| [blue]`+` | _sum_         | Add two values            | [blue]`4 + 0.5` -> 4.5
+| [blue]`-` | _subtraction_ | Subtract the right value from the left one | [blue]`4 - 0.5` -> 3.5
+| [blue]`*` | _product_     | Multiply two values       | [blue]`4 * 0.5` -> 2.0
+| [blue]`/` | _Division_    | Divide the left value by the right one | [blue]`1.0 / 2` -> 0.5
+| [blue]`./`| _Float division_ | Force float division   | [blue]`-1 ./ 2` -> -0.5
+|===
+
+==== Fractions
+_Expr_ also supports fractions. Fraction literals are made with two integers separated by a vertical bar `|`.
+
+.Fraction literal syntax
+====
+*_fraction_* = [__sign__] (_num-den-spec_ | _float-spec_) +
+_sign_ = "**+**" | "**-**" +
+_num-den-spec_ = _digit-seq_ "**|**" _digit-seq_ +
+_float-spec_ = _dec-seq_ "**.**" [_dec-seq_] "**(**" _dec-seq_ "**)**" +
+_dec-seq_ = _see-integer-literal-syntax_ +
+_digit-seq_ = _see-integer-literal-syntax_
+====
+
+.Examples
+// [source,go]
+// ----
+`>>>` [blue]`1 | 2` +
+[green]`1|2` +
+`>>>` [blue]`4|6`  [gray]_// Fractions are always reduced to their lowest terms_ +
+[green]`2|3` +
+`>>>` [blue]`1|2 + 2|3` +
+[green]`7|6` +
+`>>>` [blue]`1|2 * 2|3` +
+[green]`1|3` +
+`>>>` [blue]`1|2 / 1|3` +
+[green]`3|2` +
+`>>>` [blue]`1|2 ./ 1|3` [gray]_// Force decimal division_ +
+[green]`1.5` +
+`>>>` [blue]`-1|2` +
+[green]`-1|2` +
+`>>>` [blue]`1|-2` [gray]_// Invalid sign specification_ +
+[red]_Eval Error: [1:3] infix operator "|" requires two non-nil operands, got 1_ +
+`>>>` [blue]`1|(-2)` +
+[green]`-1|2`
+// ----
+
+Fractions can be used together with integers and floats in expressions.
+
+.Examples
+`>>>` [blue]`1|2 + 5` +
+[green]`11|2` +
+`>>>` [blue]`4 - 1|2` +
+[green]`7|2` +
+`>>>` [blue]`1.0 + 1|2` +
+[green]`1.5`
+
+
+
+=== Strings
+Strings are character sequences enclosed between two double quote [blue]`"`.
+
+.Examples
+`>>>` [blue]`"I'm a string"` +
+[green]`I'm a string` +
+`>>>` [blue]`"123abc?!"` +
+[green]`123abc?!` +
+`>>>` [blue]`"123\nabc"` +
+[green]`123` +
+[green]`abc` +
+`>>>` [blue]`"123\tabc"` +
+[green]`123{nbsp}{nbsp}{nbsp}{nbsp}abc`
 
 Some arithmetic operators can also be used with strings.
 
@@ -79,28 +272,46 @@ Some arithmetic operators can also be used with strings.
 | [blue]`*` | _repeat_ | Make _n_ copy of a string  | [blue]`"one" * 2` _["oneone"]_
 |===
 
+The items of strings can be accessed using the dot `.` operator.
 
-=== Boolean
+.Item access syntax
-Boolean data type has two values only: _true_ and _false_. Relational and Boolean expressions produce Boolean values.
+====
+_item_ = _string-expr_ "**.**" _integer-expr_
+====
 
+.String examples
+`>>>` [blue]`s="abc"`  [gray]_assign the string to variable s_ +
+[green]`abc` +
+`>>>` [blue]`s.1`      [gray]_char at position 1 (starting from 0)_ +
+[green]`b` +
+`>>>` [blue]`s.(-1)`   [gray]_char at position -1, the rightmost one_ +
+[green]`c` +
+`>>>` [blue]`\#s`       [gray]_number of chars_ +
+[gren]`3` +
+`>>>` [blue]`#"abc"`   [gray]_number of chars_ +
+[green]`3`
+
+
+=== Booleans
+Boolean data type has two values only: [blue]_true_ and [blue]_false_. Relational and boolean expressions result in boolean values.
 
 .Relational operators
 [cols="^1,^2,6,4"]
 |===
 | Symbol    | Operation     | Description               | Examples
 
-| [blue]`==` | _Equal_ | True if the left value is equal to the right one | [blue]`5 == 2` _[false]_ +
+| [blue]`==` | _Equal_ | True if the left value is equal to the right one | [blue]`5 == 2` -> _false_ +
-[blue]`"a" == "a"` _[true]_
+[blue]`"a" == "a"` -> _true_
-| [blue]`!=` | _Not Equal_ | True if the left value is NOT equal to the right one | [blue]`5 != 2` _[true]_ +
+| [blue]`!=` | _Not Equal_ | True if the left value is NOT equal to the right one | [blue]`5 != 2` -> _true_ +
-[blue]`"a" != "a"` _[false]_
+[blue]`"a" != "a"` -> _false_
-| [blue]`<` | _Less_ | True if the left value is less than the right one | [blue]`5 < 2` _[false]_ +
+| [blue]`<` | _Less_ | True if the left value is less than the right one | [blue]`5 < 2` -> _false_ +
-[blue]`"a" < "b"` _[true]_
+[blue]`"a" < "b"` -> _true_
-| [blue]`\<=` | _Less or Equal_ | True if the left value is less than or equal to the right one | [blue]`5 \<= 2` _[false]_ +
+| [blue]`\<=` | _Less or Equal_ | True if the left value is less than or equal to the right one | [blue]`5 \<= 2` -> _false_ +
-[blue]`"b" \<= "b"` _[true]_
+[blue]`"b" \<= "b"` -> _true_
-| [blue]`>` | _Greater_ | True if the left value is greater than the right one | [blue]`5 > 2` _[true]_ +
+| [blue]`>` | _Greater_ | True if the left value is greater than the right one | [blue]`5 > 2` -> _true_ +
-[blue]`"a" < "b"` _[false]_
+[blue]`"a" < "b"` -> _false_
-| [blue]`>=` | _Greater or Equal_ | True if the left value is greater than or equal to the right one | [blue]`5 >= 2` _[true]_ +
+| [blue]`>=` | _Greater or Equal_ | True if the left value is greater than or equal to the right one | [blue]`5 >= 2` -> _true_ +
-[blue]`"b" \<= "b"` _[true]_
+[blue]`"b" \<= "b"` -> _true_
 |===
 
 
@@ -109,19 +320,19 @@ Boolean data type has two values only: _true_ and _false_. Relational and Boolea
 |===
 | Symbol    | Operation     | Description               | Examples
 
-| [blue]`NOT` | _Not_ | True if the right value is false | [blue]`NOT true` _[false]_ +
+| [blue]`NOT` | _Not_ | True if the right value is false | [blue]`NOT true` -> _false_ +
-[blue]`NOT (2 < 1)` _[true]_
+[blue]`NOT (2 < 1)` -> _true_
 
-| [blue]`AND` / [blue]`&&` | _And_ | True if both left and right values are true  | [blue]`false && true` _[false]_ +
+| [blue]`AND` / [blue]`&&` | _And_ | True if both left and right values are true  | [blue]`false && true` -> _false_ +
-[blue]`"a" < "b" AND NOT (2 < 1)` _[true]_
+[blue]`"a" < "b" AND NOT (2 < 1)` -> _true_
 
-| [blue]`OR` / [blue]`\|\|` | _Or_ | True if at least one of the left and right values integers true| [blue]`false or true` _[true]_ +
+| [blue]`OR` / [blue]`\|\|` | _Or_ | True if at least one of the left and right values integers true| [blue]`false or true` -> _true_ +
-[blue]`"a" == "b" OR (2 == 1)` _[false]_
+[blue]`"a" == "b" OR (2 == 1)` -> _false_
 |===
 
 [CAUTION]
 ====
-Currently, boolean operations are evaluated using _short cut evaluation_. This means that, if the left expression of operators [blue]`and` and [blue]`or` is sufficient to establish the result of the whole operation, the right expression would not evaluated at all.
+Currently, boolean operations are evaluated using _short cut evaluation_. This means that, if the left expression of the [blue]`and` and [blue]`or` operators is sufficient to establish the result of the whole operation, the right expression would not evaluated at all.
 
 .Example
 [source,go]
@@ -131,58 +342,132 @@ Currently, boolean operations are evaluated using _short cut evaluation_. This m
 <1> This multi-expression returns _1_ because in the first expression the left value of [blue]`or` is _true_ and as a conseguence its right value is not computed. Therefore the _a_ variable only receives the integer _1_.
 ====
 
-=== List
+=== Lists
-_Expr_ supports list of mixed-type values, also specified by normal expressions.
+_Expr_ supports list of mixed-type values, also specified by normal expressions. Internally, _Expr_'s lists are Go arrays.
 
-.List examples
+.List literal syntax
-[source,go]
+====
-----
+*_list_* = _empty-list_ | _non-empty-list_ +
-[1, 2, 3]                   // List of integers
+_empty-list_ = "**[]**" +
-["one", "two", "three"]     // List of strings
+_non-empty-list_ = "**[**" _any-value_ {"**,**" _any-value} "**]**" +
-["one", 2, false, 4.1]      // List of mixed-types
+====
-["one"+1, 2.0*(9-2)]        // List of expressions
-[ [1,"one"], [2,"two"]]     // List of lists
-----
 
+.Examples
+`>>>` [blue]`[1,2,3]`                     [gray]_// List of integers_ +
+[green]`[1, 2, 3]` +
+`>>>` [blue]`["one", "two", "three"]`     [gray]_// List of strings_ +
+[green]`["one", "two", "three"]` +
+`>>>` [blue]`["one", 2, false, 4.1]`      [gray]_// List of mixed-types_ +
+[green]`["one", 2, false, 4.1]` +
+`>>>` [blue]`["one"+1, 2.0*(9-2)]`        [gray]_// List of expressions_ +
+[green]`["one1", 14]` +
+`>>>` [blue]`[ [1,"one"], [2,"two"]]`     [gray]_// List of lists_ +
+[green]`[[1, "one"], [2, "two"]]`
 
 .List operators
 [cols="^2,^2,5,4"]
 |===
 | Symbol    | Operation     | Description               | Examples
 
-| [blue]`+` | _Join_ | Joins two lists | [blue]`[1,2] + [3]` _[ [1,2,3] ]_
+| [blue]`+` | _Join_ | Joins two lists | [blue]`[1,2] + [3]` -> _[1,2,3]_
-
+| [blue]`-` | _Difference_ | Left list without elements in the right list  | [blue]`[1,2,3] - [2]` -> _[1,3]_
-| [blue]`-` | _Difference_ | Left list without elements in the right list  | [blue]`[1,2,3] - [2]` _[ [1,3] ]_
 |===
 
-== Variables
+The items of array can be accessed using the dot `.` operator.
-A variable is an identifier with an assigned value. Variables are stored in the object that implements the _ExprContext_ interface.
+
+.Item access syntax
+====
+_item_ = _list-expr_ "**.**" _list-expr_
+====
+
+.Items of list
+`>>>` [blue]`[1,2,3].1` +
+[green]`2` +
+`>>>` [blue]`list=[1,2,3]; list.1` +
+[green]`2` +
+`>>>` [blue]`["one","two","three"].1` +
+[green]`two` +
+`>>>` [blue]`list=["one","two","three"]; list.(2-1)` +
+[green]`two` +
+`>>>` [blue]`list.(-1)` +
+[green]`three` +
+`>>>` [blue]`list.(10)` +
+[red]`Eval Error: [1:9] index 10 out of bounds` +
+`>>>` [blue]`#list` +
+[green]`3`
+
+
+
+=== Dictionaries
+WARNING: Support for dictionaries is still ongoing.
+
+The _dictionary_, or _dict_, data-type is set of pairs _key/value_. It is also known as _map_ or _associative array_. Dictionary literals are sequences of pairs separated by comma `,`; sequences are enclosed between brace brackets.
+
+.Dict literal syntax
+====
+*_dict_* = _empty-dict_ | _non-empty-dict_ +
+_empty-dict_ = "**{}**" +
+_non-empty-dict_ = "**{**" _key-scalar_ "**:**" _any-value_ {"**,**" _key-scalar_ "**:**" _any-value} "**}**" +
+====
 
 .Examples
-[source,go]
+`>>>` [blue]`{1:"one", 2:"two"}` +
-----
+`>>>` [blue]`{"one":1, "two": 2}` +
-a=1
+`>>>` [blue]`{"sum":1+2+3, "prod":1*2*3}`
-x = 5.2 * (9-3)
+
-x = 1; y = 2*x
+== Variables
-----
+_Expr_ supports variables like most programming languages. A variable is an identifier with an assigned value. Variables are stored in _contexts_.
+
+.Variable literal syntax
+====
+*_variable_* = _identifier_ "*=*" _any-value_ +
+_identifier_ = _alpha_ {(_alpha_)|_dec-digit_|"*_*"} +
+__alpha__ = "*a*"|"*b*"|..."*z*"|"*A*"|"*B*"|..."*Z*"
+====
+
+NOTE: The assign operator [blue]`=` returns the value assigned to the variable.
+
+.Examples
+`>>>` [blue]`a=1` +
+[green]`1` +
+`>>>` [blue]`a_b=1+2` +
+[green]`1+2` +
+`>>>` [blue]`a_b` +
+[green]`3` +
+`>>>` [blue]`x = 5.2 * (9-3)`  [gray]_// The assigned value has the approximation error typical of the float data-type_ +
+[green]`31.200000000000003` +
+`>>>` [blue]`x = 1; y = 2*x` +
+[green]`2` +
+`>>>` [blue]`_a=2` +
+[red]`Parse Error: [1:2] unexpected token "_"` +
+`>>>` [blue]`1=2` +
+[red]`Parse Error: assign operator ("=") must be preceded by a variable`
+
 
 == Other operations
 
 === [blue]`;` operator
-The semicolon operator [blue]`;` is an infixed pseudo-operator. It evaluates the left expression first and then the right expression. The latter is the final result.
+The semicolon operator [blue]`;` is an infixed pseudo-operator. It evaluates the left expression first and then the right expression. The value of the latter is the final result.
+
+An expression that contains [blue]`;` is called a _multi-expression_ and each component expressione is called a _sub-expression_.
 
 IMPORTANT: Technically [blue]`;` is not treated as a real operator. It acts as a separator in lists of expressions.
 
 TIP: [blue]`;` can be used to set some variables before the final calculation.
 
 .Example
-[source,go]
+`>>>` [blue]`a=1; b=2; c=3; a+b+c` +
-----
+[green]`6`
-a=1; b=2; c=3; a+b+c    // returns 6
+
-----
+The value of each sub-expression is stored in the automatica variable _last_.
+
+.Example
+`>>>` [blue]`2+3; b=last+10; last` +
+[green]`15`
+
 
 === [blue]`but` operator
-[blue]`but` is an infixed operator. Its operands can be any type of expression. It evaluates the left expression first, then the right expression. The value of the right expression is the final result. Examples: [blue]`5 but 2` returns 2, [blue]`x=2*3 but x-1` returns 5.
+[blue]`but` is an infixed operator. Its operands can be expressions of any type. It evaluates the left expression first, then the right expression. The value of the right expression is the final result. Examples: [blue]`5 but 2` returns 2, [blue]`x=2*3 but x-1` returns 5.
 
 [blue]`but` is very similar to [blue]`;`. The only difference is that [blue]`;` can't be used inside parenthesis [blue]`(` and [blue]`)`.
 
@@ -191,43 +476,65 @@ The assignment operator [blue]`=` is used to define variables in the evaluation
 The value on the left side of [blue]`=` must be an identifier. The value on the right side can be any expression and it becomes the result of the assignment operation.
 
 .Example
-[source,go]
+`>>>` [blue]`a=15+1`
-----
+[green]`16`
-a=15+1    // returns 16
+
-----
 
 === Selector operator [blue]`? : ::`
 The _selector operator_ is very similar to the _switch/case/default_ statement available in many programming languages.
 
-.Syntax
+.Selector literal Syntax
-[source,bnf]
+_selector-operator_ = _select-expression_ "*?*" _selector-case_ { "*:*" _selector-case_ } ["*::*" _default-multi-expression_] +
-----
+_selector-case_ = [_match-list_] _case-value_ +
-<selector-operator> ::= <select-expression> "?" <selector-case> { ":" <selector-case> } ["::" <default-multi-expression>]
+_match-list_ = "*[*" _item_ {"*,*" _items_} "*]*" +
-<selector-case> ::= [<match-list>] <case-value>
+_item_ = _expression_ +
-<match-list> ::= "["<item>{","<items>}"]"
+_case-multi-expression_ = "*{*" _multi-expression_ "*}*" +
-<item> ::= <expression
+_multi-expression_ = _expression_ { "*;*" _expression_ } +
-<case-multi-expression> ::= "{" <multi-expression> "}"
+_default-multi-expression_ = _multi-expression_
-<multi-expression> ::= <expression> {";" <expression>}
-----
 
-In other words, the selector operator evaluates the expression (`<select-expression>`) on the left-hand side of the `?` symbol; it then compares the result obtained with the values listed in the `<match-list>`'s. If the comparision find a match with a value in a match-list, the associated  `<case-multi-expression>` is evaluted, and its result will be the final result of the selection operation.
+In other words, the selector operator evaluates the _select-expression_ on the left-hand side of the [blue]`?` symbol; it then compares the result obtained with the values listed in the __match-list__'s, from left to right. If the comparision finds a match with a value in a _match-list_, the associated _case-multi-expression_ is evaluted, and its result will be the final result of the selection operation.
 
-The match lists are optional. In that case, the position, from left to right, of the `<selector-case>` is used as match-list. Of course, that only works if the select-expression results in an integer.
+The match lists are optional. In that case, the position, from left to right, of the _selector-case_ is used as _match-list_. Of course, that only works if the _select-expression_ results in an integer.
-
-The `:` symbol (colon) is the separator of the selector-cases. Note that if the value of the select-expression does not match any match-list, an error will be issued. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to provide a default (multi-)expression introduced by the `::` symbol (double-colon). Also note that the default expression has no match-list.
 
+The [blue]`:` symbol (colon) is the separator of the selector-cases. Note that if the value of the _select-expression_ does not match any _match-list_, an error will be issued. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to provide a default (multi-)expression introduced by the [blue]`::` symbol (double-colon). Also note that the default expression has no _match-list_.
 
 .Examples
-[source,go]
+`>>>` [blue]`1 ? {"a"} : {"b"}` +
-----
+[green]`b` +
-1 ? {"a"} : {"b"}                           // returns "b"
+`>>>` [blue]`10 ? {"a"} : {"b"} :: {"c"}` +
-10 ? {"a"} : {"b"} :: {"c"}                 // returns "c"
+[green]`c' +
-10 ? {"a"} :[true, 2+8] {"b"} :: {"c"}      // returns "b"
+[green]`>>>` [blue]`10 ? {"a"} :[true, 2+8] {"b"} :: {"c"}` +
-10 ? {"a"} :[true, 2+8] {"b"} ::[10] {"c"}  // error:  "... case list in default clause"
+[green]`b` +
-10 ? {"a"} :[10] {x="b" but x} :: {"c"}     // returns "b"
+`>>>` [blue]`10 ? {"a"} :[true, 2+8] {"b"} ::[10] {"c"}` +
-10 ? {"a"} :[10] {x="b"; x} :: {"c"}        // returns "b"
+[red]`Parse Error: [1:34] case list in default clause` +
-10 ? {"a"} : {"b"}                          // error:  "... no case catches the value (10) of the selection expression
+[green]`>>>` [blue]`10 ? {"a"} :[10] {x="b" but x} :: {"c"}` +
-----
+[green]`b` +
+`>>>` [blue]`10 ? {"a"} :[10] {x="b"; x} :: {"c"}` +
+[green]`b` +
+`>>>` [blue]`10 ? {"a"} : {"b"}` +
+[red]`Eval Error: [1:3] no case catches the value (10) of the selection expression`
+
+
+=== Variable default value [blue]`??` and [blue]`?=`
+The left operand of these two operators must be a variable. The right operator can be any expression. They return the value of the variable if this is define; otherwise they return the value of the right expression.
+
+IMPORTANT: If the left variable is defined, the right expression is not evuated at all.
+
+The [blue]`??` do not change the status of the left variable.
+
+The [blue]`?=` assigns the calculated value of the right expression to the left variable.
+
+.Examples
+`>>>` [blue]`var ?? (1+2)`'
+[green]`3` +
+`>>>` [blue]`var` +
+[red]`Eval Error: undefined variable or function "var"` +
+`>>>` [blue]`var ?= (1+2)` +
+[green]`3` +
+`>>>` [blue]`var` +
+[green]`3`
+
+NOTE: These operators have a high priority, in particular higher than the operator [blue]`=`.
 
 == Priorities of operators
 The table below shows all supported operators by decreasing priorities.

formatter.go

@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@ type FmtOpt uint16
 const (
 	TTY FmtOpt = 1 << iota
 	MultiLine
+	Base2
+	Base8
+	Base10
+	Base16
 )
 
 type Formatter interface {

func-base.go

@@ -10,16 +10,51 @@ import (
 )
 
 func isNilFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err error) {
-	if len(args) == 1 {
 	result = args[0] == nil
-	} else {
+	return
-		err = errOneParam(name)
 }
+
+func isIntFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err error) {
+	result = IsInteger(args[0])
+	return
+}
+
+func isFloatFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err error) {
+	result = IsFloat(args[0])
+	return
+}
+
+func isBoolFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err error) {
+	result = IsBool(args[0])
+	return
+}
+
+func isStringFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err error) {
+	result = IsString(args[0])
+	return
+}
+
+func isFractionFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err error) {
+	result = IsFract(args[0])
+	return
+}
+
+func isRationalFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err error) {
+	result = IsRational(args[0])
+	return
+}
+
+func isListFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err error) {
+	result = IsList(args[0])
+	return
+}
+
+func isDictionaryFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err error) {
+	result = IsDict(args[0])
 	return
 }
 
 func intFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err error) {
-	if len(args) == 1 {
 	switch v := args[0].(type) {
 	case int64:
 		result = v
@@ -39,8 +74,77 @@ func intFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err error) {
 	default:
 		err = errCantConvert(name, v, "int")
 	}
+	return
+}
+
+func decFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err error) {
+	switch v := args[0].(type) {
+	case int64:
+		result = float64(v)
+	case float64:
+		result = v
+	case bool:
+		if v {
+			result = float64(1)
 		} else {
-		err = errOneParam(name)
+			result = float64(0)
+		}
+	case string:
+		var f float64
+		if f, err = strconv.ParseFloat(v, 64); err == nil {
+			result = f
+		}
+	case *fraction:
+		result = v.toFloat()
+	default:
+		err = errCantConvert(name, v, "float")
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func fractFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err error) {
+	switch v := args[0].(type) {
+	case int64:
+		var den int64 = 1
+		if len(args) > 1 {
+			var ok bool
+			if den, ok = args[1].(int64); !ok {
+				err = errExpectedGot(name, "integer", args[1])
+			} else if den == 0 {
+				err = errDivisionByZero(name)
+			}
+		}
+		if err == nil {
+			result = newFraction(v, den)
+		}
+	case float64:
+		result, err = float64ToFraction(v)
+		// var n, d int64
+		// if n, d, err = float64ToFraction(v); err == nil {
+		//	result = newFraction(n, d)
+		// }
+	case bool:
+		if v {
+			result = newFraction(1, 1)
+		} else {
+			result = newFraction(0, 1)
+		}
+	case string:
+		result, err = makeGeneratingFraction(v)
+		// var f float64
+		// // TODO temporary implementation
+		// if f, err = strconv.ParseFloat(v, 64); err == nil {
+		// 	var n, d int64
+		// 	if n, d, err = float64ToFraction(f); err == nil {
+		// 		result = newFraction(n, d)
+		// 	}
+		// } else {
+		// 	errors.New("convertion from string to float is ongoing")
+		// }
+	case *fraction:
+		result = v
+	default:
+		err = errCantConvert(name, v, "float")
 	}
 	return
 }
@@ -50,8 +154,20 @@ func iteratorFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err err
 }
 
 func ImportBuiltinsFuncs(ctx ExprContext) {
-	ctx.RegisterFunc("isNil", &simpleFunctor{f: isNilFunc}, 1, -1)
+	ctx.RegisterFunc("isNil", &simpleFunctor{f: isNilFunc}, 1, 1)
-	ctx.RegisterFunc("int", &simpleFunctor{f: intFunc}, 1, -1)
+	ctx.RegisterFunc("isInt", &simpleFunctor{f: isIntFunc}, 1, 1)
+	ctx.RegisterFunc("isFloat", &simpleFunctor{f: isFloatFunc}, 1, 1)
+	ctx.RegisterFunc("isBool", &simpleFunctor{f: isBoolFunc}, 1, 1)
+	ctx.RegisterFunc("isString", &simpleFunctor{f: isStringFunc}, 1, 1)
+	ctx.RegisterFunc("isFraction", &simpleFunctor{f: isFractionFunc}, 1, 1)
+	ctx.RegisterFunc("isFract", &simpleFunctor{f: isFractionFunc}, 1, 1)
+	ctx.RegisterFunc("isRational", &simpleFunctor{f: isRationalFunc}, 1, 1)
+	ctx.RegisterFunc("isList", &simpleFunctor{f: isListFunc}, 1, 1)
+	ctx.RegisterFunc("isDictionary", &simpleFunctor{f: isDictionaryFunc}, 1, 1)
+	ctx.RegisterFunc("isDict", &simpleFunctor{f: isDictionaryFunc}, 1, 1)
+	ctx.RegisterFunc("int", &simpleFunctor{f: intFunc}, 1, 1)
+	ctx.RegisterFunc("dec", &simpleFunctor{f: decFunc}, 1, 1)
+	ctx.RegisterFunc("fract", &simpleFunctor{f: fractFunc}, 1, 2)
 }
 
 func init() {

func-import.go

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ func importGeneral(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err er
 }
 
 func checkStringParamExpected(funcName string, paramValue any, paramPos int) (err error) {
-	if !(isString(paramValue) /*|| isList(paramValue)*/) {
+	if !(IsString(paramValue) /*|| isList(paramValue)*/) {
 		err = fmt.Errorf("%s(): param nr %d has wrong type %T, string expected", funcName, paramPos+1, paramValue)
 	}
 	return

func-math.go

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 func checkNumberParamExpected(funcName string, paramValue any, paramPos, level, subPos int) (err error) {
-	if !(isNumber(paramValue) || isFraction(paramValue)) /*|| isList(paramValue)*/ {
+	if !(IsNumber(paramValue) || isFraction(paramValue)) /*|| isList(paramValue)*/ {
 		err = fmt.Errorf("%s(): param nr %d (%d in %d) has wrong type %T, number expected",
 			funcName, paramPos+1, subPos+1, level, paramValue)
 	}
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ func doAdd(ctx ExprContext, name string, it Iterator, count, level int) (result
 		count++
 
 		if !sumAsFloat {
-			if isFloat(v) {
+			if IsFloat(v) {
 				sumAsFloat = true
 				if sumAsFract {
 					floatSum = fractSum.toFloat()
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ func doMul(ctx ExprContext, name string, it Iterator, count, level int) (result
 		count++
 
 		if !mulAsFloat {
-			if isFloat(v) {
+			if IsFloat(v) {
 				mulAsFloat = true
 				if mulAsFract {
 					floatProd = fractProd.toFloat()

func-string.go

@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ func doJoinStr(funcName string, sep string, it Iterator) (result any, err error)
 }
 
 func joinStrFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err error) {
-	if len(args) < 1 {
+//	if len(args) < 1 {
-		return nil, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSeparator)
+//		return nil, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSeparator)
-	}
+//	}
 	if sep, ok := args[0].(string); ok {
 		if len(args) == 1 {
 			result = ""
@@ -62,9 +62,9 @@ func subStrFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err error
 	var source string
 	var ok bool
 
-	if len(args) < 1 {
+//	if len(args) < 1 {
-		return nil, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSource)
+//		return nil, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSource)
-	}
+//	}
 	if source, ok = args[0].(string); !ok {
 		return nil, errWrongParamType(name, paramSource, typeString, args[0])
 	}
@@ -93,9 +93,9 @@ func trimStrFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err erro
 	var source string
 	var ok bool
 
-	if len(args) < 1 {
+//	if len(args) < 1 {
-		return nil, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSource)
+//		return nil, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSource)
-	}
+//	}
 	if source, ok = args[0].(string); !ok {
 		return nil, errWrongParamType(name, paramSource, typeString, args[0])
 	}
@@ -108,9 +108,9 @@ func startsWithStrFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, er
 	var ok bool
 
 	result = false
-	if len(args) < 1 {
+//	if len(args) < 1 {
-		return result, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSource)
+//		return result, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSource)
-	}
+//	}
 	if source, ok = args[0].(string); !ok {
 		return result, errWrongParamType(name, paramSource, typeString, args[0])
 	}
@@ -133,9 +133,9 @@ func endsWithStrFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err
 	var ok bool
 
 	result = false
-	if len(args) < 1 {
+//	if len(args) < 1 {
-		return result, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSource)
+//		return result, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSource)
-	}
+//	}
 	if source, ok = args[0].(string); !ok {
 		return result, errWrongParamType(name, paramSource, typeString, args[0])
 	}
@@ -159,9 +159,9 @@ func splitStrFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err err
 	var parts []string
 	var ok bool
 
-	if len(args) < 1 {
+//	if len(args) < 1 {
-		return result, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSource)
+//		return result, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSource)
-	}
+//	}
 	if source, ok = args[0].(string); !ok {
 		return result, errWrongParamType(name, paramSource, typeString, args[0])
 	}

funcs_test.go

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ func TestFuncs(t *testing.T) {
 		/*   7 */ {`int(3.9)`, int64(3), nil},
 		/*   8 */ {`int("432")`, int64(432), nil},
 		/*   9 */ {`int("1.5")`, nil, errors.New(`strconv.Atoi: parsing "1.5": invalid syntax`)},
-		/*  10 */ {`int("432", 4)`, nil, errors.New(`int() requires exactly one param`)},
+		/*  10 */ {`int("432", 4)`, nil, errors.New(`too much params -- expected 1, got 2`)},
 		/*  11 */ {`int(nil)`, nil, errors.New(`int() can't convert <nil> to int`)},
 		/*  12 */ {`two=func(){2}; two()`, int64(2), nil},
 		/*  13 */ {`double=func(x) {2*x}; (double(3))`, int64(6), nil},
@@ -55,12 +55,35 @@ func TestFuncs(t *testing.T) {
 		/*  42 */ {`builtin "string"; endsWithStr("0123456789", "xyz", "0125")`, false, nil},
 		/*  43 */ {`builtin "string"; endsWithStr("0123456789")`, nil, errors.New(`too few params -- expected 2 or more, got 1`)},
 		/*  44 */ {`builtin "string"; splitStr("one-two-three", "-", )`, newListA("one", "two", "three"), nil},
-		/*  45 */ {`["a", "b", "c"]`, newListA("a","b","c"), nil},
+		/*  45 */ {`isInt(2+1)`, true, nil},
-		/*  46 */ {`["a", "b", "c"]`, newList([]any{"a","b","c"}), nil},
+		/*  46 */ {`isInt(3.1)`, false, nil},
+		/*  47 */ {`isFloat(3.1)`, true, nil},
+		/*  48 */ {`isString("3.1")`, true, nil},
+		/*  49 */ {`isString("3" + 1)`, true, nil},
+		/*  50 */ {`isList(["3",  1])`, true, nil},
+		/*  51 */ {`isDict({"a":"3",  "b":1})`, true, nil},
+		/*  52 */ {`isFract(1|3)`, true, nil},
+		/*  53 */ {`isFract(3|1)`, false, nil},
+		/*  54 */ {`isRational(3|1)`, true, nil},
+		/*  55 */ {`builtin "math.arith"; add(1,2)`, int64(3), nil},
+		/*  56 */ {`fract("2.2(3)")`, newFraction(67, 30), nil},
+		/*  57 */ {`fract("1.21(3)")`, newFraction(91, 75), nil},
+		/*  58 */ {`fract(1.21(3))`, newFraction(91, 75), nil},
+		/*  59 */ {`fract(1.21)`, newFraction(121, 100), nil},
+		/*  60 */ {`dec(2)`, float64(2), nil},
+		/*  61 */ {`dec(2.0)`, float64(2), nil},
+		/*  62 */ {`dec("2.0")`, float64(2), nil},
+		/*  63 */ {`dec(true)`, float64(1), nil},
+		/*  64 */ {`dec(true")`, nil, errors.New("[1:11] missing string termination \"")},
+		/*  65 */ {`builtin "string"; joinStr("-", [1, "two", "three"])`, nil, errors.New(`joinStr() expected string, got int64 (1)`)},
+		/*  65 */ {`dec()`, nil, errors.New(`too few params -- expected 1, got 0`)},
+		/*  66 */ {`dec(1,2,3)`, nil, errors.New(`too much params -- expected 1, got 3`)},
+		/*  67 */ {`builtin "string"; joinStr()`, nil, errors.New(`too few params -- expected 1 or more, got 0`)},
+		// /*  64 */ {`string(true)`, "true", nil},
 	}
 
 	t.Setenv("EXPR_PATH", ".")
 
-	// parserTest(t, "Func", inputs[25:26])
+	//parserTest(t, "Func", inputs[54:55])
 	parserTest(t, "Func", inputs)
 }

global-context.go

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2024 Celestino Amoroso (celestino.amoroso@gmail.com).
+// All rights reserved.
+
+// global-context.go
+package expr
+
+import "path/filepath"
+
+var globalCtx *SimpleFuncStore
+
+func ImportInContext(name string) (exists bool) {
+	var mod *module
+	if mod, exists = moduleRegister[name]; exists {
+		mod.importFunc(globalCtx)
+		mod.imported = true
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func ImportInContextByGlobPattern(pattern string) (count int, err error) {
+	var matched bool
+	for name, mod := range moduleRegister {
+		if matched, err = filepath.Match(pattern, name); err == nil {
+			if matched {
+				count++
+				mod.importFunc(globalCtx)
+				mod.imported = true
+			}
+		} else {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func GetVar(ctx ExprContext, name string) (value any, exists bool) {
+	if value, exists = ctx.GetVar(name); !exists {
+		value, exists = globalCtx.GetVar(name)
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func GetFuncInfo(ctx ExprContext, name string) (item ExprFunc, exists bool, ownerCtx ExprContext) {
+	if item, exists = ctx.GetFuncInfo(name); exists {
+		ownerCtx = ctx
+	} else if item, exists = globalCtx.GetFuncInfo(name); exists {
+		ownerCtx = globalCtx
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func init() {
+	globalCtx = NewSimpleFuncStore()
+}

list_test.go

@@ -36,6 +36,11 @@ func TestListParser(t *testing.T) {
 		/*  14 */ {`[1,2,3].1`, int64(2), nil},
 		/*  15 */ {`ls=[1,2,3] but ls.1`, int64(2), nil},
 		/*  16 */ {`ls=[1,2,3] but ls.(-1)`, int64(3), nil},
+		/*  17 */ {`list=["one","two","three"]; list.10`, nil, errors.New(`[1:36] index 10 out of bounds`)},
+		/*  18 */ {`["a", "b", "c"]`, newListA("a", "b", "c"), nil},
+		/*  19 */ {`["a", "b", "c"]`, newList([]any{"a", "b", "c"}), nil},
+		/*  20 */ {`#["a", "b", "c"]`, int64(3), nil},
+		/*  21 */ {`"b" in ["a", "b", "c"]`, true, nil},
 
 		// /*  8 */ {`[int(x)|x=csv("test.csv",1,all(),1)]`, []any{int64(10), int64(40), int64(20)}, nil},
 		// /*  9 */ {`sum(@[int(x)|x=csv("test.csv",1,all(),1)])`, []any{int64(10), int64(40), int64(20)}, nil},
@@ -54,8 +59,8 @@ func TestListParser(t *testing.T) {
 		var gotErr error
 
 		ctx := NewSimpleFuncStore()
-		ctx.SetVar("var1", int64(123))
+		// ctx.SetVar("var1", int64(123))
-		ctx.SetVar("var2", "abc")
+		// ctx.SetVar("var2", "abc")
 		ImportMathFuncs(ctx)
 		parser := NewParser(ctx)
 

module-register.go

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ package expr
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-	"path/filepath"
 )
 
 type module struct {
@@ -31,30 +30,30 @@ func registerImport(name string, importFunc func(ExprContext), description strin
 	moduleRegister[name] = newModule(importFunc, description)
 }
 
-func ImportInContext(ctx ExprContext, name string) (exists bool) {
+// func ImportInContext(ctx ExprContext, name string) (exists bool) {
-	var mod *module
+// 	var mod *module
-	if mod, exists = moduleRegister[name]; exists {
+// 	if mod, exists = moduleRegister[name]; exists {
-		mod.importFunc(ctx)
+// 		mod.importFunc(ctx)
-		mod.imported = true
+// 		mod.imported = true
-	}
+// 	}
-	return
+// 	return
-}
+// }
 
-func ImportInContextByGlobPattern(ctx ExprContext, pattern string) (count int, err error) {
+// func ImportInContextByGlobPattern(ctx ExprContext, pattern string) (count int, err error) {
-	var matched bool
+// 	var matched bool
-	for name, mod := range moduleRegister {
+// 	for name, mod := range moduleRegister {
-		if matched, err = filepath.Match(pattern, name); err == nil {
+// 		if matched, err = filepath.Match(pattern, name); err == nil {
-			if matched {
+// 			if matched {
-				count++
+// 				count++
-				mod.importFunc(ctx)
+// 				mod.importFunc(ctx)
-				mod.imported = true
+// 				mod.imported = true
-			}
+// 			}
-		} else {
+// 		} else {
-			break
+// 			break
-		}
+// 		}
-	}
+// 	}
-	return
+// 	return
-}
+// }
 
 func IterateModules(op func(name, description string, imported bool) bool) {
 	if op != nil {

operand-const.go

@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2024 Celestino Amoroso (celestino.amoroso@gmail.com).
-// All rights reserved.
-
-// operand-const.go
-package expr
-
-// -------- const term
-func newConstTerm(tk *Token) *term {
-	return &term{
-		tk:       *tk,
-		parent:   nil,
-		children: nil,
-		position: posLeaf,
-		priority: priValue,
-		evalFunc: evalConst,
-	}
-}
-
-// -------- eval func
-func evalConst(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
-	v = self.tk.Value
-	return
-}
-
-// init
-func init() {
-	registerTermConstructor(SymString, newConstTerm)
-	registerTermConstructor(SymInteger, newConstTerm)
-	registerTermConstructor(SymFloat, newConstTerm)
-	registerTermConstructor(SymBool, newConstTerm)
-	registerTermConstructor(SymKwNil, newConstTerm)
-}

operand-func.go

@@ -23,16 +23,15 @@ func newFuncCallTerm(tk *Token, args []*term) *term {
 
 // -------- eval func call
 func checkFunctionCall(ctx ExprContext, name string, params []any) (err error) {
-	if info, exists := ctx.GetFuncInfo(name); exists {
+	if info, exists, owner := GetFuncInfo(ctx, name); exists {
 		if info.MinArgs() > len(params) {
-			if info.MaxArgs() < 0 {
+			err = errTooFewParams(info.MinArgs(), info.MaxArgs(), len(params))
-				err = fmt.Errorf("too few params -- expected %d or more, got %d", info.MinArgs(), len(params))
-			} else {
-				err = fmt.Errorf("too few params -- expected %d, got %d", info.MinArgs(), len(params))
 		}
+		if err == nil && info.MaxArgs() >= 0 && info.MaxArgs() < len(params) {
+			err = errTooMuchParams(info.MaxArgs(), len(params))
 		}
-		if info.MaxArgs() >= 0 && info.MaxArgs() < len(params) {
+		if err == nil && owner != ctx {
-			err = fmt.Errorf("too much params -- expected %d, got %d", info.MaxArgs(), len(params))
+			ctx.RegisterFunc(name, info.Functor(), info.MinArgs(), info.MaxArgs())
 		}
 	} else {
 		err = fmt.Errorf("unknown function %s()", name)

operand-list.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ package expr
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"reflect"
 	"strings"
 )
 
@@ -61,6 +62,16 @@ func newList(listAny []any) (list *ListType) {
 	return
 }
 
+func (list *ListType) indexDeepCmp(target any) (index int) {
+	index = -1
+	for i, item := range *list {
+		if reflect.DeepEqual(item, target) {
+			index = i
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	return
+}
 
 // -------- list term
 func newListTermA(args ...*term) *term {

operand-literal.go

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2024 Celestino Amoroso (celestino.amoroso@gmail.com).
+// All rights reserved.
+
+// operand-literal.go
+package expr
+
+// -------- literal term
+func newLiteralTerm(tk *Token) *term {
+	return &term{
+		tk:       *tk,
+		parent:   nil,
+		children: nil,
+		position: posLeaf,
+		priority: priValue,
+		evalFunc: evalLiteral,
+	}
+}
+
+// -------- eval func
+func evalLiteral(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
+	v = self.tk.Value
+	return
+}
+
+// init
+func init() {
+	registerTermConstructor(SymString, newLiteralTerm)
+	registerTermConstructor(SymInteger, newLiteralTerm)
+	registerTermConstructor(SymFloat, newLiteralTerm)
+	registerTermConstructor(SymFraction, newLiteralTerm)
+	registerTermConstructor(SymBool, newLiteralTerm)
+	registerTermConstructor(SymKwNil, newLiteralTerm)
+}

operand-var.go

@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ func newVarTerm(tk *Token) *term {
 func evalVar(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 	var exists bool
 	name := self.source()
-	if v, exists = ctx.GetVar(name); !exists {
+	if v, exists = GetVar(ctx, name); !exists {
-		if info, exists := ctx.GetFuncInfo(name); exists {
+		if info, exists, _ := GetFuncInfo(ctx, name); exists {
 			v = info.Functor()
 		} else {
 			err = fmt.Errorf("undefined variable or function %q", name)

operator-assign.go

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2024 Celestino Amoroso (celestino.amoroso@gmail.com).
-// All rights reserved.
+// All rights reserightChilded.
 
 // operator-assign.go
 package expr
@@ -27,11 +27,17 @@ func evalAssign(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if v, err = self.children[1].compute(ctx); err == nil {
+	rightChild := self.children[1]
-		if functor, ok := v.(Functor); ok {
-			var minArgs, maxArgs int = 0, 0
 
-			if funcDef, ok := functor.(*funcDefFunctor); ok {
+	if v, err = rightChild.compute(ctx); err == nil {
+		if functor, ok := v.(Functor); ok {
+			var minArgs, maxArgs int = 0, -1
+
+			funcName := rightChild.source()
+			if info, exists := ctx.GetFuncInfo(funcName); exists {
+				minArgs = info.MinArgs()
+				maxArgs = info.MaxArgs()
+			} else if funcDef, ok := functor.(*funcDefFunctor); ok {
 				l := len(funcDef.params)
 				minArgs = l
 				maxArgs = l

operator-builtin.go

@@ -26,15 +26,15 @@ func evalBuiltin(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 	}
 
 	count := 0
-	if isString(childValue) {
+	if IsString(childValue) {
 		module, _ := childValue.(string)
-		count, err = ImportInContextByGlobPattern(ctx, module)
+		count, err = ImportInContextByGlobPattern(module)
 	} else {
 		var moduleSpec any
 		it := NewAnyIterator(childValue)
 		for moduleSpec, err = it.Next(); err == nil; moduleSpec, err = it.Next() {
 			if module, ok := moduleSpec.(string); ok {
-				if ImportInContext(ctx, module) {
+				if ImportInContext(module) {
 					count++
 				} else {
 					err = self.Errorf("unknown module %q", module)

operator-dot.go

@@ -22,10 +22,11 @@ func verifyIndex(ctx ExprContext, indexTerm *term, maxValue int) (index int, err
 	var indexValue any
 	if indexValue, err = indexTerm.compute(ctx); err == nil {
 		if v, err = indexTerm.toInt(indexValue, "index expression value must be integer"); err == nil {
+			if v < 0 && v >= -maxValue {
+				v = maxValue + v
+			}
 			if v >= 0 && v < maxValue {
 				index = v
-			} else if index >= -maxValue {
-				index = maxValue + v
 			} else {
 				err = indexTerm.Errorf("index %d out of bounds", v)
 			}
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ func evalDot(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 	case string:
 		var index int
 		if index, err = verifyIndex(ctx, indexTerm, len(unboxedValue)); err == nil {
-			v = unboxedValue[index]
+			v = string(unboxedValue[index])
 		}
 	case map[any]any:
 		var ok bool

operator-fact.go

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ func evalFact(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if isInteger(leftValue) {
+	if IsInteger(leftValue) {
 		if i, _ := leftValue.(int64); i >= 0 {
 			f := int64(1)
 			for k := int64(1); k <= i; k++ {

operator-fraction.go

@@ -4,9 +4,12 @@
 // operand-fraction.go
 package expr
 
+//https://www.youmath.it/lezioni/algebra-elementare/lezioni-di-algebra-e-aritmetica-per-scuole-medie/553-dalle-frazioni-a-numeri-decimali.html
+
 import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"math"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 )
@@ -24,6 +27,137 @@ func newFraction(num, den int64) *fraction {
 	return &fraction{num, den}
 }
 
+func float64ToFraction(f float64) (fract *fraction, err error) {
+	var sign string
+	intPart, decPart := math.Modf(f)
+	if decPart < 0.0 {
+		sign = "-"
+		intPart = -intPart
+		decPart = -decPart
+	}
+	dec := fmt.Sprintf("%.12f", decPart)
+	s := fmt.Sprintf("%s%.f%s", sign, intPart, dec[1:])
+	// fmt.Printf("S: '%s'\n",s)
+	return makeGeneratingFraction(s)
+}
+
+// Based on https://cs.opensource.google/go/go/+/refs/tags/go1.22.3:src/math/big/rat.go;l=39
+/*
+func _float64ToFraction(f float64) (num, den int64, err error) {
+	const expMask = 1<<11 - 1
+	bits := math.Float64bits(f)
+	mantissa := bits & (1<<52 - 1)
+	exp := int((bits >> 52) & expMask)
+	switch exp {
+	case expMask: // non-finite
+		err = errors.New("infite")
+		return
+	case 0: // denormal
+		exp -= 1022
+	default: // normal
+		mantissa |= 1 << 52
+		exp -= 1023
+	}
+
+	shift := 52 - exp
+
+	// Optimization (?): partially pre-normalise.
+	for mantissa&1 == 0 && shift > 0 {
+		mantissa >>= 1
+		shift--
+	}
+
+	if f < 0 {
+		num = -int64(mantissa)
+	} else {
+		num = int64(mantissa)
+	}
+	den = int64(1)
+
+	if shift > 0 {
+		den = den << shift
+	} else {
+		num = num << (-shift)
+	}
+	return
+}
+*/
+
+func makeGeneratingFraction(s string) (f *fraction, err error) {
+	var num, den int64
+	var sign int64 = 1
+	var parts []string
+	if len(s) == 0 {
+		goto exit
+	}
+	if s[0] == '-' {
+		sign = int64(-1)
+		s = s[1:]
+	} else if s[0] == '+' {
+		s = s[1:]
+	}
+	if strings.HasSuffix(s, "()") {
+		s = s[0 : len(s)-2]
+	}
+	parts = strings.SplitN(s, ".", 2)
+	if num, err = strconv.ParseInt(parts[0], 10, 64); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if len(parts) == 1 {
+		f = newFraction(sign*num, 1)
+	} else if len(parts) == 2 {
+		subParts := strings.SplitN(parts[1], "(", 2)
+		if len(subParts) == 1 {
+			den = 1
+			dec := parts[1]
+			lsd := len(dec)
+			for i := lsd - 1; i >= 0 && dec[i] == '0'; i-- {
+				lsd--
+			}
+			for _, c := range dec[0:lsd] {
+				if c < '0' || c > '9' {
+					return nil, errExpectedGot("fract", "digit", c)
+				}
+				num = num*10 + int64(c-'0')
+				den = den * 10
+			}
+			f = newFraction(sign*num, den)
+		} else if len(subParts) == 2 {
+			sub := num
+			mul := int64(1)
+			for _, c := range subParts[0] {
+				if c < '0' || c > '9' {
+					return nil, errExpectedGot("fract", "digit", c)
+				}
+				num = num*10 + int64(c-'0')
+				sub = sub*10 + int64(c-'0')
+				mul *= 10
+			}
+			if len(subParts) == 2 {
+				if s[len(s)-1] != ')' {
+					goto exit
+				}
+				p := subParts[1][0 : len(subParts[1])-1]
+				for _, c := range p {
+					if c < '0' || c > '9' {
+						return nil, errExpectedGot("fract", "digit", c)
+					}
+					num = num*10 + int64(c-'0')
+					den = den*10 + 9
+				}
+				den *= mul
+			}
+			num -= sub
+			f = newFraction(sign*num, den)
+		}
+	}
+exit:
+	if f == nil {
+		err = errors.New("bad syntax")
+	}
+	return
+}
+
 func (f *fraction) toFloat() float64 {
 	return float64(f.num) / float64(f.den)
 }

operator-in.go

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2024 Celestino Amoroso (celestino.amoroso@gmail.com).
+// All rights reserved.
+
+// operator-in.go
+package expr
+
+//-------- in term
+
+func newInTerm(tk *Token) (inst *term) {
+	return &term{
+		tk:       *tk,
+		children: make([]*term, 0, 2),
+		position: posInfix,
+		priority: priRelational,
+		evalFunc: evalIn,
+	}
+}
+
+func hasKey(d map[any]any, target any) (ok bool) {
+	_, ok = d[target]
+	return
+}
+
+func evalIn(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
+	var leftValue, rightValue any
+
+	if leftValue, rightValue, err = self.evalInfix(ctx); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	if IsList(rightValue) {
+		list, _ := rightValue.(*ListType)
+		v = list.indexDeepCmp(leftValue) >= 0
+	} else if IsDict(rightValue) {
+		d, _ := rightValue.(map[any]any)
+		v = hasKey(d, leftValue)
+	} else {
+		err = self.errIncompatibleTypes(leftValue, rightValue)
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+// init
+func init() {
+	registerTermConstructor(SymKwIn, newInTerm)
+}

operator-include.go

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ func evalInclude(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 	}
 
 	count := 0
-	if isList(childValue) {
+	if IsList(childValue) {
 		list, _ := childValue.([]any)
 		for i, filePathSpec := range list {
 			if filePath, ok := filePathSpec.(string); ok {
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ func evalInclude(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 				break
 			}
 		}
-	} else if isString(childValue) {
+	} else if IsString(childValue) {
 		filePath, _ := childValue.(string)
 		v, err = EvalFile(ctx, filePath)
 	} else {

operator-insert.go

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ func evalInsert(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if isList(rightValue) {
+	if IsList(rightValue) {
 		list, _ := rightValue.(*ListType)
 		newList := append(ListType{leftValue}, *list...)
 		v = &newList
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ func evalAppend(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if isList(leftValue) {
+	if IsList(leftValue) {
 		list, _ := leftValue.(*ListType)
 		newList := append(*list, rightValue)
 		v = &newList

operator-length.go

@@ -23,12 +23,15 @@ func evalLength(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if isList(childValue) {
+	if IsList(childValue) {
-		list, _ := childValue.([]any)
+		ls, _ := childValue.(*ListType)
-		v = int64(len(list))
+		v = int64(len(*ls))
-	} else if isString(childValue) {
+	} else if IsString(childValue) {
 		s, _ := childValue.(string)
 		v = int64(len(s))
+	} else if IsDict(childValue) {
+		m, _ := childValue.(map[any]any)
+		v = int64(len(m))
 	} else if it, ok := childValue.(Iterator); ok {
 		if extIt, ok := childValue.(ExtIterator); ok && extIt.HasOperation(countName) {
 			count, _ := extIt.CallOperation(countName, nil)

operator-post-inc.go

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ func evalPostInc(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 
 	if it, ok := childValue.(Iterator); ok {
 		v, err = it.Next()
-	} else if isInteger(childValue) && self.children[0].symbol() == SymIdentifier {
+	} else if IsInteger(childValue) && self.children[0].symbol() == SymIdentifier {
 		v = childValue
 		i, _ := childValue.(int64)
 		ctx.SetVar(self.children[0].source(), i+1)

operator-prod.go

@@ -30,20 +30,20 @@ func evalMultiply(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if isString(leftValue) && isInteger(rightValue) {
+	if IsString(leftValue) && IsInteger(rightValue) {
 		s, _ := leftValue.(string)
 		n, _ := rightValue.(int64)
 		v = strings.Repeat(s, int(n))
-	} else if isNumber(leftValue) && isNumber(rightValue) {
+	} else if isNumOrFract(leftValue) && isNumOrFract(rightValue) {
-		if isFloat(leftValue) || isFloat(rightValue) {
+		if IsFloat(leftValue) || IsFloat(rightValue) {
 			v = numAsFloat(leftValue) * numAsFloat(rightValue)
+		} else if isFraction(leftValue) || isFraction(rightValue) {
+			v, err = mulAnyFract(leftValue, rightValue)
 		} else {
 			leftInt, _ := leftValue.(int64)
 			rightInt, _ := rightValue.(int64)
 			v = leftInt * rightInt
 		}
-	} else if isFraction(leftValue) || isFraction(rightValue) {
-		v, err = mulAnyFract(leftValue, rightValue)
 	} else {
 		err = self.errIncompatibleTypes(leftValue, rightValue)
 	}
@@ -71,14 +71,16 @@ func evalDivide(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if isNumber(leftValue) && isNumber(rightValue) {
+	if isNumOrFract(leftValue) && isNumOrFract(rightValue) {
-		if isFloat(leftValue) || isFloat(rightValue) {
+		if IsFloat(leftValue) || IsFloat(rightValue) {
 			d := numAsFloat(rightValue)
 			if d == 0.0 {
 				err = errors.New("division by zero")
 			} else {
 				v = numAsFloat(leftValue) / d
 			}
+		} else if isFraction(leftValue) || isFraction(rightValue) {
+			v, err = divAnyFract(leftValue, rightValue)
 		} else {
 			leftInt, _ := leftValue.(int64)
 			if rightInt, _ := rightValue.(int64); rightInt == 0 {
@@ -87,8 +89,6 @@ func evalDivide(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 				v = leftInt / rightInt
 			}
 		}
-	} else if isFraction(leftValue) || isFraction(rightValue) {
-		v, err = divAnyFract(leftValue, rightValue)
 	} else {
 		err = self.errIncompatibleTypes(leftValue, rightValue)
 	}
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ func evalDivideAsFloat(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if isNumber(leftValue) && isNumber(rightValue) {
+	if isNumOrFract(leftValue) && isNumOrFract(rightValue) {
 		d := numAsFloat(rightValue)
 		if d == 0.0 {
 			err = errors.New("division by zero")
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ func evalReminder(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if isInteger(leftValue) && isInteger(rightValue) {
+	if IsInteger(leftValue) && IsInteger(rightValue) {
 		rightInt, _ := rightValue.(int64)
 		if rightInt == 0 {
 			err = errors.New("division by zero")

operator-rel.go

@@ -25,15 +25,15 @@ func evalEqual(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if isNumber(leftValue) && isNumber(rightValue) {
+	if IsNumber(leftValue) && IsNumber(rightValue) {
-		if isInteger(leftValue) && isInteger(rightValue) {
+		if IsInteger(leftValue) && IsInteger(rightValue) {
 			li, _ := leftValue.(int64)
 			ri, _ := rightValue.(int64)
 			v = li == ri
 		} else {
 			v = numAsFloat(leftValue) == numAsFloat(rightValue)
 		}
-	} else if isString(leftValue) && isString(rightValue) {
+	} else if IsString(leftValue) && IsString(rightValue) {
 		ls, _ := leftValue.(string)
 		rs, _ := rightValue.(string)
 		v = ls == rs
@@ -111,15 +111,15 @@ func evalLess(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if isNumber(leftValue) && isNumber(rightValue) {
+	if IsNumber(leftValue) && IsNumber(rightValue) {
-		if isInteger(leftValue) && isInteger(rightValue) {
+		if IsInteger(leftValue) && IsInteger(rightValue) {
 			li, _ := leftValue.(int64)
 			ri, _ := rightValue.(int64)
 			v = li < ri
 		} else {
 			v = numAsFloat(leftValue) < numAsFloat(rightValue)
 		}
-	} else if isString(leftValue) && isString(rightValue) {
+	} else if IsString(leftValue) && IsString(rightValue) {
 		ls, _ := leftValue.(string)
 		rs, _ := rightValue.(string)
 		v = ls < rs
@@ -148,15 +148,15 @@ func evalLessEqual(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if isNumber(leftValue) && isNumber(rightValue) {
+	if IsNumber(leftValue) && IsNumber(rightValue) {
-		if isInteger(leftValue) && isInteger(rightValue) {
+		if IsInteger(leftValue) && IsInteger(rightValue) {
 			li, _ := leftValue.(int64)
 			ri, _ := rightValue.(int64)
 			v = li <= ri
 		} else {
 			v = numAsFloat(leftValue) <= numAsFloat(rightValue)
 		}
-	} else if isString(leftValue) && isString(rightValue) {
+	} else if IsString(leftValue) && IsString(rightValue) {
 		ls, _ := leftValue.(string)
 		rs, _ := rightValue.(string)
 		v = ls <= rs

operator-sign.go

@@ -35,14 +35,14 @@ func evalSign(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if isFloat(rightValue) {
+	if IsFloat(rightValue) {
 		if self.tk.Sym == SymChangeSign {
 			f, _ := rightValue.(float64)
 			v = -f
 		} else {
 			v = rightValue
 		}
-	} else if isInteger(rightValue) {
+	} else if IsInteger(rightValue) {
 		if self.tk.Sym == SymChangeSign {
 			i, _ := rightValue.(int64)
 			v = -i

operator-sum.go

@@ -28,17 +28,17 @@ func evalPlus(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if (isString(leftValue) && isNumberString(rightValue)) || (isString(rightValue) && isNumberString(leftValue)) {
+	if (IsString(leftValue) && isNumberString(rightValue)) || (IsString(rightValue) && isNumberString(leftValue)) {
 		v = fmt.Sprintf("%v%v", leftValue, rightValue)
-	} else if isNumber(leftValue) && isNumber(rightValue) {
+	} else if IsNumber(leftValue) && IsNumber(rightValue) {
-		if isFloat(leftValue) || isFloat(rightValue) {
+		if IsFloat(leftValue) || IsFloat(rightValue) {
 			v = numAsFloat(leftValue) + numAsFloat(rightValue)
 		} else {
 			leftInt, _ := leftValue.(int64)
 			rightInt, _ := rightValue.(int64)
 			v = leftInt + rightInt
 		}
-	} else if isList(leftValue) || isList(rightValue) {
+	} else if IsList(leftValue) || IsList(rightValue) {
 		var leftList, rightList *ListType
 		var ok bool
 		if leftList, ok = leftValue.(*ListType); !ok {
@@ -56,7 +56,19 @@ func evalPlus(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 		}
 		v = &sumList
 	} else if isFraction(leftValue) || isFraction(rightValue) {
+		if IsFloat(leftValue) || IsFloat(rightValue) {
+			v = numAsFloat(leftValue) + numAsFloat(rightValue)
+		} else {
 			v, err = sumAnyFract(leftValue, rightValue)
+		}
+	} else if IsDict(leftValue) && IsDict(rightValue) {
+		leftDict, _ := leftValue.(map[any]any)
+		rightDict, _ := rightValue.(map[any]any)
+		c := CloneMap(leftDict)
+		for key, value := range rightDict {
+			c[key] = value
+		}
+		v = c
 	} else {
 		err = self.errIncompatibleTypes(leftValue, rightValue)
 	}
@@ -82,15 +94,17 @@ func evalMinus(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if isNumber(leftValue) && isNumber(rightValue) {
+	if isNumOrFract(leftValue) && isNumOrFract(rightValue) {
-		if isFloat(leftValue) || isFloat(rightValue) {
+		if IsFloat(leftValue) || IsFloat(rightValue) {
 			v = numAsFloat(leftValue) - numAsFloat(rightValue)
+		} else if isFraction(leftValue) || isFraction(rightValue) {
+			v, err = subAnyFract(leftValue, rightValue)
 		} else {
 			leftInt, _ := leftValue.(int64)
 			rightInt, _ := rightValue.(int64)
 			v = leftInt - rightInt
 		}
-	} else if isList(leftValue) && isList(rightValue) {
+	} else if IsList(leftValue) && IsList(rightValue) {
 		leftList, _ := leftValue.(*ListType)
 		rightList, _ := rightValue.(*ListType)
 		diffList := make(ListType, 0, len(*leftList)-len(*rightList))
@@ -100,8 +114,6 @@ func evalMinus(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
 			}
 		}
 		v = &diffList
-	} else if isFraction(leftValue) || isFraction(rightValue) {
-		v, err = subAnyFract(leftValue, rightValue)
 	} else {
 		err = self.errIncompatibleTypes(leftValue, rightValue)
 	}

parser.go

@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ func (self *parser) parseFuncDef(scanner *scanner) (tree *term, err error) {
 	for lastSym != SymClosedRound && lastSym != SymEos {
 		tk = scanner.Next()
 		if tk.IsSymbol(SymIdentifier) {
-			param := newTerm(tk, nil)
+			param := newTerm(tk)
 			args = append(args, param)
 			tk = scanner.Next()
 		} else if itemExpected {

parser_test.go

@@ -35,10 +35,10 @@ func TestGeneralParser(t *testing.T) {
 		/*  14 */ {`not true`, false, nil},
 		/*  15 */ {`true and false`, false, nil},
 		/*  16 */ {`true or false`, true, nil},
-		/*  17 */ {`"uno" + "due"`, `unodue`, nil},
+		/*  *17 */ {`"uno" + "due"`, `unodue`, nil},
-		/*  18 */ {`"uno" + 2`, `uno2`, nil},
+		/*  *18 */ {`"uno" + 2`, `uno2`, nil},
-		/*  19 */ {`"uno" + (2+1)`, `uno3`, nil},
+		/*  *19 */ {`"uno" + (2+1)`, `uno3`, nil},
-		/*  20 */ {`"uno" * (2+1)`, `unounouno`, nil},
+		/*  *20 */ {`"uno" * (2+1)`, `unounouno`, nil},
 		/*  21 */ {"1", int64(1), nil},
 		/*  22 */ {"1.5", float64(1.5), nil},
 		/*  23 */ {"1.5*2", float64(3.0), nil},
@@ -157,6 +157,9 @@ func TestGeneralParser(t *testing.T) {
 		/* 136 */ {`builtin "math.arith"; mul(1|2, 1.0, 2)`, float64(1.0), nil},
 		/* 137 */ {`builtin "os.file"`, int64(1), nil},
 		/* 138 */ {`v=10; v++; v`, int64(11), nil},
+		/* 139 */ {`1+1|2+0.5`, float64(2), nil},
+		/* 140 */ {`1.2()`, newFraction(6, 5), nil},
+		/* 141 */ {`1|(2-2)`, nil, errors.New(`division by zero`)},
 	}
 
 	// t.Setenv("EXPR_PATH", ".")
@@ -176,7 +179,7 @@ func parserTest(t *testing.T, section string, inputs []inputType) {
 		ctx := NewSimpleFuncStore()
 		parser := NewParser(ctx)
 
-		logTest(t, i+1, "Iterator", input.source, input.wantResult, input.wantErr)
+		logTest(t, i+1, section, input.source, input.wantResult, input.wantErr)
 
 		r := strings.NewReader(input.source)
 		scanner := NewScanner(r, DefaultTranslations())

scanner.go

@@ -385,7 +385,8 @@ func (self *scanner) parseNumber(firstCh byte) (tk *Token) {
 				}
 			}
 		}
-		if err == nil && (ch == 'e' || ch == 'E') {
+		if err == nil {
+			if ch == 'e' || ch == 'E' {
 				sym = SymFloat
 				sb.WriteByte(ch)
 				if ch, err = self.readChar(); err == nil {
@@ -398,7 +399,23 @@ func (self *scanner) parseNumber(firstCh byte) (tk *Token) {
 							sb.WriteByte(ch)
 						}
 					} else {
-					err = errors.New("expected integer exponent")
+						err = fmt.Errorf("[%d:%d] expected integer exponent, got %c", self.row, self.column, ch)
+					}
+				}
+			} else if ch == '(' {
+				sym = SymFraction
+				sb.WriteByte(ch)
+				ch, err = self.readChar()
+				for ; err == nil && (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9'); ch, err = self.readChar() {
+					sb.WriteByte(ch)
+				}
+				if err == nil {
+					if ch != ')' {
+						err = fmt.Errorf("[%d:%d] expected ')', got '%c'", self.row, self.column, ch)
+					} else {
+						sb.WriteByte(ch)
+						_, err = self.readChar()
+					}
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -412,6 +429,8 @@ func (self *scanner) parseNumber(firstCh byte) (tk *Token) {
 		txt := sb.String()
 		if sym == SymFloat {
 			value, err = strconv.ParseFloat(txt, 64)
+		} else if sym == SymFraction {
+			value, err = makeGeneratingFraction(txt)
 		} else {
 			value, err = strconv.ParseInt(txt, numBase, 64)
 		}

scanner_test.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ package expr
 import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"reflect"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 )
@@ -55,15 +56,18 @@ func TestScanner(t *testing.T) {
 		/* 33 */ {`(`, SymOpenRound, nil, nil},
 		/* 34 */ {`)`, SymClosedRound, nil, nil},
 		/* 35 */ {`1E+2`, SymFloat, float64(100), nil},
-		/* 36 */ {`1E+x`, SymError, errors.New("expected integer exponent"), nil},
+		/* 36 */ {`1E+x`, SymError, errors.New("[1:5] expected integer exponent, got x"), nil},
 		/* 37 */ {`$`, SymDollar, nil, nil},
 		/* 38 */ {`\`, SymError, errors.New("incomplete escape sequence"), nil},
 		/* 39 */ {`"string"`, SymString, "string", nil},
-		/* 39 */ {`identifier`, SymIdentifier, "identifier", nil},
+		/* 40 */ {`identifier`, SymIdentifier, "identifier", nil},
+		/* 41 */ {`1.2(3)`, SymFraction, newFraction(37, 30), nil},
 	}
 
 	for i, input := range inputs {
-
+		// if i != 40 {
+		// 	continue
+		// }
 		if input.wantErr == nil {
 			t.Log(fmt.Sprintf("[+]Test nr %2d -- %q", i+1, input.source))
 		} else {
@@ -75,7 +79,8 @@ func TestScanner(t *testing.T) {
 
 		if tk := scanner.Next(); tk == nil {
 			t.Errorf("%d: %q -> got = (nil), want %v (value %v [%T])", i+1, input.source, input.wantSym, input.wantValue, input.wantValue)
-		} else if tk.Sym != input.wantSym || tk.Value != input.wantValue {
+			// } else if tk.Sym != input.wantSym || tk.Value != input.wantValue {
+		} else if tk.Sym != input.wantSym || !reflect.DeepEqual(tk.Value, input.wantValue) {
 			if tk.Sym == SymError && input.wantSym == tk.Sym {
 				if tkErr, tkOk := tk.Value.(error); tkOk {
 					if inputErr, inputOk := input.wantValue.(error); inputOk {
@@ -86,7 +91,7 @@ func TestScanner(t *testing.T) {
 					}
 				}
 			} else {
-				t.Errorf("%d: %q -> got = %v (value=%v [%T), want %v (value=%v [%T)", i+1,
+				t.Errorf("%d: %q -> got = %v (value=%v [%T]), want %v (value=%v [%T])", i+1,
 					input.source, tk.Sym, tk.Value, tk.Value, input.wantSym, input.wantValue, input.wantValue)
 			}
 		}

strings_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2024 Celestino Amoroso (celestino.amoroso@gmail.com).
+// All rights reserved.
+
+// strings_test.go
+package expr
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestStringsParser(t *testing.T) {
+	inputs := []inputType{
+		/*  1 */ {`"uno" + "due"`, `unodue`, nil},
+		/*  2 */ {`"uno" + 2`, `uno2`, nil},
+		/*  3 */ {`"uno" + (2+1)`, `uno3`, nil},
+		/*  4 */ {`"uno" * (2+1)`, `unounouno`, nil},
+		/*  5 */ {`"abc".1`, `b`, nil},
+		/*  5 */ {`#"abc"`, int64(3), nil},
+	}
+	parserTest(t, "String", inputs)
+}

symbol.go

@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ const (
 	SymBool
 	SymInteger
 	SymFloat
+	SymFraction
 	SymString
 	SymIterator
 	SymOr
@@ -98,6 +99,7 @@ const (
 	SymKwBut
 	SymKwFunc
 	SymKwBuiltin
+	SymKwIn
 	SymKwInclude
 	SymKwNil
 )
@@ -111,6 +113,7 @@ func init() {
 		"BUILTIN": SymKwBuiltin,
 		"BUT":     SymKwBut,
 		"FUNC":    SymKwFunc,
+		"IN":      SymKwIn,
 		"INCLUDE": SymKwInclude,
 		"NOT":     SymKwNot,
 		"OR":      SymKwOr,

term-constuctor-registry.go

@@ -17,11 +17,10 @@ func registerTermConstructor(sym Symbol, constructor termContructor) {
 	constructorRegistry[sym] = constructor
 }
 
-func newTerm(tk *Token, parent *term) (inst *term) {
+func newTerm(tk *Token) (inst *term) {
 	if constructorRegistry != nil {
 		if construct, exists := constructorRegistry[tk.Sym]; exists {
 			inst = construct(tk)
-			inst.setParent(parent)
 		}
 	}
 	return

term_test.go

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ func TestGetRoom(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("err: got <%v>, want <nil>", gotErr)
 	}
 }
+
 func TestGetChildrenCount(t *testing.T) {
 	tk1 := NewValueToken(0, 0, SymInteger, "100", 100)
 

utils.go

@@ -9,37 +9,58 @@ import (
 	"reflect"
 )
 
-func isString(v any) (ok bool) {
+func IsString(v any) (ok bool) {
 	_, ok = v.(string)
 	return ok
 }
 
-func isInteger(v any) (ok bool) {
+func IsInteger(v any) (ok bool) {
 	_, ok = v.(int64)
 	return ok
 }
 
-func isFloat(v any) (ok bool) {
+func IsFloat(v any) (ok bool) {
 	_, ok = v.(float64)
 	return ok
 }
 
-func isList(v any) (ok bool) {
+func IsBool(v any) (ok bool) {
+	_, ok = v.(bool)
+	return ok
+}
+
+func IsList(v any) (ok bool) {
 	_, ok = v.(*ListType)
 	return ok
 }
 
-func isDict(v any) (ok bool) {
+func IsDict(v any) (ok bool) {
 	_, ok = v.(map[any]any)
 	return ok
 }
 
-func isNumber(v any) (ok bool) {
+func IsFract(v any) (ok bool) {
-	return isFloat(v) || isInteger(v)
+	_, ok = v.(*fraction)
+	return ok
+}
+
+func IsRational(v any) (ok bool) {
+	if _, ok = v.(*fraction); !ok {
+		_, ok = v.(int64)
+	}
+	return ok
+}
+
+func IsNumber(v any) (ok bool) {
+	return IsFloat(v) || IsInteger(v)
+}
+
+func isNumOrFract(v any) (ok bool) {
+	return IsFloat(v) || IsInteger(v) || isFraction(v)
 }
 
 func isNumberString(v any) (ok bool) {
-	return isString(v) || isNumber(v)
+	return IsString(v) || IsNumber(v)
 }
 
 func isFunctor(v any) (ok bool) {

utils_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2024 Celestino Amoroso (celestino.amoroso@gmail.com).
+// All rights reserved.
+
+// utils_test.go
+package expr
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestIsString(t *testing.T) {
+	count := 0
+	succeeded := 0
+	failed := 0
+
+	count++
+	if !IsBool(true) {
+		t.Errorf("%d: IsBool(true) -> result = false, want true", count)
+		failed++
+	} else {
+		succeeded++
+	}
+
+	count++
+	if !IsString("abc") {
+		t.Errorf("%d: IsString(\"abc\") -> result = false, want true", count)
+		failed++
+	} else {
+		succeeded++
+	}
+
+	count++
+	if !IsInteger(int64(123)) {
+		t.Errorf("%d: IsInteger(123) -> result = false, want true", count)
+		failed++
+	} else {
+		succeeded++
+	}
+
+	count++
+	if !IsFloat(1.23) {
+		t.Errorf("%d: IsFloat(1.23) -> result = false, want true", count)
+		failed++
+	} else {
+		succeeded++
+	}
+
+	count++
+	if !IsFloat(numAsFloat(123)) {
+		t.Errorf("%d: IsFloat(numAsFloat(123)) -> result = false, want true", count)
+		failed++
+	} else {
+		succeeded++
+	}
+
+	count++
+	b, ok := toBool(true)
+	if !(ok && b) {
+		t.Errorf("%d: toBool(true) b=%v, ok=%v -> result = false, want true", count, b, ok)
+		failed++
+	} else {
+		succeeded++
+	}
+
+	count++
+	b, ok = toBool("abc")
+	if !(ok && b) {
+		t.Errorf("%d: toBool(\"abc\") b=%v, ok=%v -> result = false, want true", count, b, ok)
+		failed++
+	} else {
+		succeeded++
+	}
+
+	t.Logf("test count: %d, succeeded count: %d, failed count: %d", count, succeeded, failed)
+}
+
+func TestToIntOk(t *testing.T) {
+	source := int64(64)
+	wantValue := int(64)
+	wantErr := error(nil)
+
+	gotValue, gotErr := toInt(source, "test")
+
+	if gotErr != nil || gotValue != wantValue {
+		t.Errorf("toInt(%v, \"test\") gotValue=%v, gotErr=%v -> wantValue=%v, wantErr=%v",
+			source, gotValue, gotErr, wantValue, wantErr)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestToIntErr(t *testing.T) {
+	source := uint64(64)
+	wantValue := 0
+	wantErr := errors.New(`test expected integer, got uint64 (64)`)
+
+	gotValue, gotErr := toInt(source, "test")
+
+	if gotErr.Error() != wantErr.Error() || gotValue != wantValue {
+		t.Errorf("toInt(%v, \"test\") gotValue=%v, gotErr=%v -> wantValue=%v, wantErr=%v",
+			source, gotValue, gotErr, wantValue, wantErr)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAnyInteger(t *testing.T) {
+	type inputType struct {
+		source    any
+		wantValue int64
+		wantOk    bool
+	}
+	section := "utils.anyInteger"
+
+	inputs := []inputType{
+		/*  1 */ {int8(-8), int64(-8), true},
+		/*  2 */ {int16(-16), int64(-16), true},
+		/*  3 */ {int32(-32), int64(-32), true},
+		/*  4 */ {int64(-64), int64(-64), true},
+		/*  5 */ {uint8(8), int64(8), true},
+		/*  6 */ {uint16(16), int64(16), true},
+		/*  7 */ {uint32(32), int64(32), true},
+		/*  8 */ {uint64(64), int64(64), true},
+		/*  9 */ {int(-1), int64(-1), true},
+		/* 10 */ {true, 0, false},
+	}
+
+	succeeded := 0
+	failed := 0
+
+	for i, input := range inputs {
+		gotValue, gotOk := anyInteger(input.source)
+		if gotOk != input.wantOk || gotValue != input.wantValue {
+			t.Errorf("%d: anyInteger(%v) -> gotOk = %t, wantOk = %t; gotValue = %v, wantValue = %v",
+				i+1, input.source, gotOk, input.wantOk, gotValue, input.wantValue)
+			failed++
+		} else {
+			succeeded++
+		}
+	}
+	t.Logf("%s -- test count: %d, succeeded: %d, failed: %d", section, len(inputs), succeeded, failed)
+}