new operator 'in' added. It check if an item is member of a list, or if a key is contained in a dictionary

operator-fraction.go: added link to a tutorial about fractions
utils_test.go: new test file
2024-05-18 07:47:41 +02:00 · 2024-05-18 07:07:17 +02:00 · 2024-05-18 07:06:06 +02:00 · 2024-05-17 15:48:17 +02:00 · 2024-05-17 15:46:56 +02:00 · 2024-05-17 07:31:13 +02:00
16 changed files with 957 additions and 364 deletions
@@ -8,6 +8,20 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 )

+func errTooFewParams(minArgs, maxArgs, argCount int) (err error) {
+	if maxArgs < 0 {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("too few params -- expected %d or more, got %d", minArgs, argCount)
+	} else {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("too few params -- expected %d, got %d", minArgs, argCount)
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func errTooMuchParams(maxArgs, argCount int) (err error) {
+	err = fmt.Errorf("too much params -- expected %d, got %d", maxArgs, argCount)
+	return
+}
+
 // --- General errors

 func errCantConvert(funcName string, value any, kind string) error {
@@ -24,9 +38,9 @@ func errDivisionByZero(funcName string) error {

 // --- Parameter errors

-func errOneParam(funcName string) error {
-	return fmt.Errorf("%s() requires exactly one param", funcName)
-}
+// func errOneParam(funcName string) error {
+// 	return fmt.Errorf("%s() requires exactly one param", funcName)
+// }

 func errMissingRequiredParameter(funcName, paramName string) error {
 	return fmt.Errorf("%s() missing required parameter %q", funcName, paramName)
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ func TestDictParser(t *testing.T) {
 		/*  4 */ {`{1:"one",2:"two",3:"three"}.2`, "three", nil},
 		/*  5 */ {`#{1:"one",2:"two",3:"three"}`, int64(3), nil},
 		/*  6 */ {`{1:"one"} + {2:"two"}`, map[any]any{1: "one", 2: "two"}, nil},
+		/*  7 */ {`2 in {1:"one", 2:"two"}`, true, nil},
 	}

 	succeeded := 0
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Expressions calculator

 toc::[]

-#TODO: Work in progress (last update on 2024/05/10, 06:52 a.m.)#
+#TODO: Work in progress (last update on 2024/05/17, 15:47 p.m.)#

 == Expr
 _Expr_ is a GO package capable of analysing, interpreting and calculating expressions.
@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ _Expr_ is a GO package capable of analysing, interpreting and calculating expres
 image::expression-diagram.png[]

 === `dev-expr` test tool
-`dev-expr` is a simple program that can be used to evaluate expressions interactively. As its name suggests, it was created for testing purpose. In fact, beyond in additon to the automatic test suite based on the Go test framework, `dev-expr` provides an important aid for quickly testing of new features during their development.
+`dev-expr` is a simple program that can be used to evaluate expressions interactively. As its name suggests, it was created for testing purpose.  In fact, in additon to the automatic verification test suite based on the Go test framework, `dev-expr` provides an important aid for quickly testing of new features during their development.

-It cat work as a _REPL_, _**R**ead-**E**xecute-**P**rint-**L**oop_, or it can process expression acquired from files or standard input.
+`dev-expr` can work as a _REPL_, _**R**ead-**E**xecute-**P**rint-**L**oop_, or it can process expression acquired from files or standard input.

 The program can be downloaded from https://git.portale-stac.it/go-pkg/-/packages/generic/dev-expr/[dev-expr].

@@ -44,21 +44,23 @@ Here are some examples of execution.
 .Run `dev-expr` in REPL mode and ask for help
 [source,shell]
 ----
-# Assume the expr source directory. Type 'exit' or Ctrl+D to quit the program.
+# Type 'exit' or Ctrl+D to quit the program.

-[user]$ tools/expr -- Expressions calculator v1.7.0,2024/05/08 (celestino.amoroso@portale-stac.it)
-	Type help to get the list of command.
+[user]$ ./dev-expr
+expr -- Expressions calculator v1.7.1(build 2),2024/05/16 (celestino.amoroso@portale-stac.it)
+	Based on the Expr package v0.10.0
+	Type help to get the list of available commands
 	See also https://git.portale-stac.it/go-pkg/expr/src/branch/main/README.adoc

 >>> help
 --- REPL commands:
+      source -- Load a file as input
+         tty -- Enable/Disable ansi output <1>
        base -- Set the integer output base: 2, 8, 10, or 16
        exit -- Exit the program
        help -- Show command list
          ml -- Enable/Disable multi-line output
        mods -- List builtin modules
-      source -- Load a file as input
-         tty -- Enable/Disable ansi output <1>

 --- Command line options:
    -b <builtin>       Import builtin modules.
@@ -80,9 +82,12 @@ Here are some examples of execution.
 .REPL examples
 [source,shell]
 ----
-[user]$ tools/expr -- Expressions calculator v1.6.1,2024/05/06 (celestino.amoroso@portale-stac.it)
-        Type help to get the list of command.
-        See also https://git.portale-stac.it/go-pkg/expr/src/branch/main/README.adoc
+[user]$ ./dev-expr
+expr -- Expressions calculator v1.7.1(build 2),2024/05/16 (celestino.amoroso@portale-stac.it)
+	Based on the Expr package v0.10.0
+	Type help to get the list of available commands
+	See also https://git.portale-stac.it/go-pkg/expr/src/branch/main/README.adoc
+
 >>> 2+3
 5
 >>> 2+3*(4-1.5)
@@ -113,55 +118,116 @@ Here are some examples of execution.
 _Expr_ supports numerical, string, relational, boolean expressions, and mixed-type lists.

 === Numbers
-Numbers can be integers (GO int64) or float (GO float64). In mixed operations involving integers and floats, integers are automatically promoted to floats.
+_Expr_ supports three type of numbers:
+
+. [blue]#Integers#
+. [blue]#Floats#
+. [blue]#Factions#
+
+In mixed operations involving integers, fractions and floats, automatic type promotion to the largest type take place.
+
+==== Integers
+__Expr__'s integers are a subset of the integer set. Internally they are stored as Golang _int64_ values.
+
+.Integer literal syntax
+====
+*_integer_* = [_sign_] _digit-seq_ +
+_sign_ = "**+**" | "**-**" +
+_digit-seq_ = _dec-seq_ | _bin-seq_ | _oct-seq_ | _hex-seq_ +
+_dec-seq_ = {__dec-digit__} +
+_dec-digit_ = "**0**"|"**1**"|...|"**9**" +
+_bin-seq_ = "**0b**"{__bin-digit__} +
+_bin-digit_ = "**0**"|"**1**" +
+_oct-seq_ = "**0o**"{__oct-digit__} +
+_oct-digit_ = "**0**"|"**1**"|...|"**7**" +
+_hex-seq_ = "**0x**"{__hex-digit__} +
+_hex-digit_ = "**0**"|"**1**"|...|"**9**"|"**a**"|...|"**z**"|"**A**"|...|"**Z**"
+====
+
+Value range: *-9223372036854775808* to *9223372036854775807*

 .Arithmetic operators
 [cols="^1,^2,6,4"]
 |===
 | Symbol    | Operation     | Description               | Examples
-
-| [blue]`+` / [blue]`-` | _change sign_ | Change the sign of values | [blue]`-1` _[-1]_ +
-[blue]`-(+2)` _[-2]_
-
-| [blue]`+` | _sum_ | Add two values | [blue]`-1 + 2` _[1]_ +
-[blue]`4 + 0.5` _[4.5]_
-
-| [blue]`-` | _subtraction_ | Subtract the right value from the left one | [blue]`3 - 1` _[2]_ +
-[blue]`4 - 0.5` _[3.5]_
-
-| [blue]`*` | _product_ | Multiply two values | `-1 * 2` _[-2]_ +
-[blue]`4 * 0.5` _[2.0]_
-
-| [blue]`/` | _Division_ | Divide the left value by the right one | [blue]`-1 / 2` _[0]_ +
-[blue]`1.0 / 2` _[0.5]_
-
-| [blue]`./` | _Float division_ | Force float division | [blue]`-1 ./ 2` _[-0.5]_
-
-| [blue]`%` | _Modulo_ | Remainder of the integer division | [blue]`5 % 2` _[1]_
-
+| [blue]`+` | _sum_         | Add two values            | [blue]`-1 + 2` -> 1
+| [blue]`-` | _subtraction_ | Subtract the right value from the left one | [blue]`3 - 1` -> 2
+| [blue]`*` | _product_     | Multiply two values       | [blue]`-1 * 2` -> -2
+| [blue]`/` | _Division_    | Divide the left value by the right one^(*)^ | [blue]`-10 / 2` -> 5
+| [blue]`%` | _Modulo_      | Remainder of the integer division | [blue]`5 % 2` -> 1
 |=== 

-=== Fractions
+^(*)^ See also the _float division_ [blue]`./` below.
+
+
+==== Floats
+__Expr__'s floats are a subset of the rational number set. Note that they can't hold the exact value of an unlimited number; floats can only approximate them. Internally floats are stored as Golang's _float64_ values.
+
+
+.Float literal syntax
+====
+*_float_* = [_sign_] _dec-seq_ "**.**" [_dec-seq_] [("**e**"|"**E**") [_sign_] _dec-seq_] +
+_sign_ = "**+**" | "**-**" +
+_dec-seq_ = _see-integer-literal-syntax_
+====
+
+.Examples
+`>>>` [blue]`1.0` +
+[green]`1` +
+`>>>` [blue]`0.123` +
+[green]`0.123` +
+`>>>` [blue]`4.5e+3` +
+[green]`4500` +
+`>>>` [blue]`4.5E-33` +
+[green]`4.5e-33` +
+`>>>` [blue]`4.5E-3` +
+[green]`0.0045` +
+`>>>` [blue]`4.5E10` +
+[green]`4.5e+10`
+
+
+.Arithmetic operators
+[cols="^1,^2,6,4"]
+|===
+| Symbol    | Operation     | Description               | Examples
+| [blue]`+` | _sum_         | Add two values            | [blue]`4 + 0.5` -> 4.5
+| [blue]`-` | _subtraction_ | Subtract the right value from the left one | [blue]`4 - 0.5` -> 3.5
+| [blue]`*` | _product_     | Multiply two values       | [blue]`4 * 0.5` -> 2.0
+| [blue]`/` | _Division_    | Divide the left value by the right one | [blue]`1.0 / 2` -> 0.5
+| [blue]`./`| _Float division_ | Force float division   | [blue]`-1 ./ 2` -> -0.5
+|===
+
+==== Fractions
 _Expr_ also supports fractions. Fraction literals are made with two integers separated by a vertical bar `|`.

+.Fraction literal syntax
+====
+*_fraction_* = [__sign__] (_num-den-spec_ | _float-spec_) +
+_sign_ = "**+**" | "**-**" +
+_num-den-spec_ = _digit-seq_ "**|**" _digit-seq_ +
+_float-spec_ = _dec-seq_ "**.**" [_dec-seq_] "**(**" _dec-seq_ "**)**" +
+_dec-seq_ = _see-integer-literal-syntax_ +
+_digit-seq_ = _see-integer-literal-syntax_
+====
+
 .Examples
 // [source,go]
 // ----
 `>>>` [blue]`1 | 2` +
 [green]`1|2` +
-`>>>` [blue]`4|6` +
-[green]`2|3` [gray]_Fractions are always reduced to their lowest terms_ +
+`>>>` [blue]`4|6`  [gray]_// Fractions are always reduced to their lowest terms_ +
+[green]`2|3` +
 `>>>` [blue]`1|2 + 2|3` +
 [green]`7|6` +
 `>>>` [blue]`1|2 * 2|3` +
 [green]`1|3` +
 `>>>` [blue]`1|2 / 1|3` +
 [green]`3|2` +
-`>>>` [blue]`1|2 ./ 1|3` [gray]_Force decimal division_ +
+`>>>` [blue]`1|2 ./ 1|3` [gray]_// Force decimal division_ +
 [green]`1.5` +
 `>>>` [blue]`-1|2` +
 [green]`-1|2` +
-`>>>` [blue]`1|-2` [gray]_Wrong sign specification_ +
+`>>>` [blue]`1|-2` [gray]_// Invalid sign specification_ +
 [red]_Eval Error: [1:3] infix operator "|" requires two non-nil operands, got 1_ +
 `>>>` [blue]`1|(-2)` +
 [green]`-1|2`
@@ -169,17 +235,29 @@ _Expr_ also supports fractions. Fraction literals are made with two integers sep

 Fractions can be used together with integers and floats in expressions.

+.Examples
 `>>>` [blue]`1|2 + 5` +
 [green]`11|2` +
 `>>>` [blue]`4 - 1|2` +
 [green]`7|2` +
 `>>>` [blue]`1.0 + 1|2` +
-[green]`1.5` +
+[green]`1.5`



 === Strings
-Strings are character sequences enclosed between two double quote [blue]`"`. Example: [blue]`"I'm a string"`.
+Strings are character sequences enclosed between two double quote [blue]`"`.
+
+.Examples
+`>>>` [blue]`"I'm a string"` +
+[green]`I'm a string` +
+`>>>` [blue]`"123abc?!"` +
+[green]`123abc?!` +
+`>>>` [blue]`"123\nabc"` +
+[green]`123` +
+[green]`abc` +
+`>>>` [blue]`"123\tabc"` +
+[green]`123{nbsp}{nbsp}{nbsp}{nbsp}abc`

 Some arithmetic operators can also be used with strings.

@@ -197,10 +275,9 @@ Some arithmetic operators can also be used with strings.
 The items of strings can be accessed using the dot `.` operator.

 .Item access syntax
-[source,bnf]
----
-<item> ::= <string-expr>"."<index-expr>
----
+====
+_item_ = _string-expr_ "**.**" _integer-expr_
+====

 .String examples
 `>>>` [blue]`s="abc"`  [gray]_assign the string to variable s_ +
@@ -212,29 +289,29 @@ The items of strings can be accessed using the dot `.` operator.
 `>>>` [blue]`\#s`       [gray]_number of chars_ +
 [gren]`3` +
 `>>>` [blue]`#"abc"`   [gray]_number of chars_ +
-[green]`3` +
+[green]`3`

-=== Boolean
-Boolean data type has two values only: _true_ and _false_. Relational and Boolean expressions produce Boolean values.

+=== Booleans
+Boolean data type has two values only: [blue]_true_ and [blue]_false_. Relational and boolean expressions result in boolean values.

 .Relational operators
 [cols="^1,^2,6,4"]
 |===
 | Symbol    | Operation     | Description               | Examples

-| [blue]`==` | _Equal_ | True if the left value is equal to the right one | [blue]`5 == 2` _[false]_ +
-[blue]`"a" == "a"` _[true]_
-| [blue]`!=` | _Not Equal_ | True if the left value is NOT equal to the right one | [blue]`5 != 2` _[true]_ +
-[blue]`"a" != "a"` _[false]_
-| [blue]`<` | _Less_ | True if the left value is less than the right one | [blue]`5 < 2` _[false]_ +
-[blue]`"a" < "b"` _[true]_
-| [blue]`\<=` | _Less or Equal_ | True if the left value is less than or equal to the right one | [blue]`5 \<= 2` _[false]_ +
-[blue]`"b" \<= "b"` _[true]_
-| [blue]`>` | _Greater_ | True if the left value is greater than the right one | [blue]`5 > 2` _[true]_ +
-[blue]`"a" < "b"` _[false]_
-| [blue]`>=` | _Greater or Equal_ | True if the left value is greater than or equal to the right one | [blue]`5 >= 2` _[true]_ +
-[blue]`"b" \<= "b"` _[true]_
+| [blue]`==` | _Equal_ | True if the left value is equal to the right one | [blue]`5 == 2` -> _false_ +
+[blue]`"a" == "a"` -> _true_
+| [blue]`!=` | _Not Equal_ | True if the left value is NOT equal to the right one | [blue]`5 != 2` -> _true_ +
+[blue]`"a" != "a"` -> _false_
+| [blue]`<` | _Less_ | True if the left value is less than the right one | [blue]`5 < 2` -> _false_ +
+[blue]`"a" < "b"` -> _true_
+| [blue]`\<=` | _Less or Equal_ | True if the left value is less than or equal to the right one | [blue]`5 \<= 2` -> _false_ +
+[blue]`"b" \<= "b"` -> _true_
+| [blue]`>` | _Greater_ | True if the left value is greater than the right one | [blue]`5 > 2` -> _true_ +
+[blue]`"a" < "b"` -> _false_
+| [blue]`>=` | _Greater or Equal_ | True if the left value is greater than or equal to the right one | [blue]`5 >= 2` -> _true_ +
+[blue]`"b" \<= "b"` -> _true_
 |===


@@ -243,19 +320,19 @@ Boolean data type has two values only: _true_ and _false_. Relational and Boolea
 |===
 | Symbol    | Operation     | Description               | Examples

-| [blue]`NOT` | _Not_ | True if the right value is false | [blue]`NOT true` _[false]_ +
-[blue]`NOT (2 < 1)` _[true]_
+| [blue]`NOT` | _Not_ | True if the right value is false | [blue]`NOT true` -> _false_ +
+[blue]`NOT (2 < 1)` -> _true_

-| [blue]`AND` / [blue]`&&` | _And_ | True if both left and right values are true  | [blue]`false && true` _[false]_ +
-[blue]`"a" < "b" AND NOT (2 < 1)` _[true]_
+| [blue]`AND` / [blue]`&&` | _And_ | True if both left and right values are true  | [blue]`false && true` -> _false_ +
+[blue]`"a" < "b" AND NOT (2 < 1)` -> _true_

-| [blue]`OR` / [blue]`\|\|` | _Or_ | True if at least one of the left and right values integers true| [blue]`false or true` _[true]_ +
-[blue]`"a" == "b" OR (2 == 1)` _[false]_
+| [blue]`OR` / [blue]`\|\|` | _Or_ | True if at least one of the left and right values integers true| [blue]`false or true` -> _true_ +
+[blue]`"a" == "b" OR (2 == 1)` -> _false_
 |===

 [CAUTION]
 ====
-Currently, boolean operations are evaluated using _short cut evaluation_. This means that, if the left expression of operators [blue]`and` and [blue]`or` is sufficient to establish the result of the whole operation, the right expression would not evaluated at all.
+Currently, boolean operations are evaluated using _short cut evaluation_. This means that, if the left expression of the [blue]`and` and [blue]`or` operators is sufficient to establish the result of the whole operation, the right expression would not evaluated at all.

 .Example
 [source,go]
@@ -266,35 +343,42 @@ Currently, boolean operations are evaluated using _short cut evaluation_. This m
 ====

 === Lists
-_Expr_ supports list of mixed-type values, also specified by normal expressions.
+_Expr_ supports list of mixed-type values, also specified by normal expressions. Internally, _Expr_'s lists are Go arrays.

-.List examples
-[source,go]
----
-[1, 2, 3]                   // List of integers
-["one", "two", "three"]     // List of strings
-["one", 2, false, 4.1]      // List of mixed-types
-["one"+1, 2.0*(9-2)]        // List of expressions
-[ [1,"one"], [2,"two"]]     // List of lists
----
+.List literal syntax
+====
+*_list_* = _empty-list_ | _non-empty-list_ +
+_empty-list_ = "**[]**" +
+_non-empty-list_ = "**[**" _any-value_ {"**,**" _any-value} "**]**" +
+====
+
+.Examples
+`>>>` [blue]`[1,2,3]`                     [gray]_// List of integers_ +
+[green]`[1, 2, 3]` +
+`>>>` [blue]`["one", "two", "three"]`     [gray]_// List of strings_ +
+[green]`["one", "two", "three"]` +
+`>>>` [blue]`["one", 2, false, 4.1]`      [gray]_// List of mixed-types_ +
+[green]`["one", 2, false, 4.1]` +
+`>>>` [blue]`["one"+1, 2.0*(9-2)]`        [gray]_// List of expressions_ +
+[green]`["one1", 14]` +
+`>>>` [blue]`[ [1,"one"], [2,"two"]]`     [gray]_// List of lists_ +
+[green]`[[1, "one"], [2, "two"]]`

 .List operators
 [cols="^2,^2,5,4"]
 |===
 | Symbol    | Operation     | Description               | Examples

-| [blue]`+` | _Join_ | Joins two lists | [blue]`[1,2] + [3]` _[ [1,2,3] ]_
-
-| [blue]`-` | _Difference_ | Left list without elements in the right list  | [blue]`[1,2,3] - [2]` _[ [1,3] ]_
+| [blue]`+` | _Join_ | Joins two lists | [blue]`[1,2] + [3]` -> _[1,2,3]_
+| [blue]`-` | _Difference_ | Left list without elements in the right list  | [blue]`[1,2,3] - [2]` -> _[1,3]_
 |===

 The items of array can be accessed using the dot `.` operator.

 .Item access syntax
-[source,bnf]
----
-<item> ::= <list-expr>"."<index-expr>
----
+====
+_item_ = _list-expr_ "**.**" _list-expr_
+====

 .Items of list
 `>>>` [blue]`[1,2,3].1` +
@@ -314,44 +398,73 @@ The items of array can be accessed using the dot `.` operator.



-== Dictionaries
-The _dictionary_ data-type is set of pairs _key/value_. It is also known as _map_ or _associative array_. Dictionary literals are sequences of pairs separated by comma `,`; sequences are enclosed between brace brackets.
-
-.Dictionary examples
-[source,go]
----
-{1:"one", 2:"two"}
-{"one":1, "two": 2}
-{"sum":1+2+3, "prod":1*2*3}
----
-
+=== Dictionaries
 WARNING: Support for dictionaries is still ongoing.

-== Variables
-A variable is an identifier with an assigned value. Variables are stored in the object that implements the Go _ExprContext_ interface, e.g. _SimpleVarStore_ or _SimpleFuncStore_.
+The _dictionary_, or _dict_, data-type is set of pairs _key/value_. It is also known as _map_ or _associative array_. Dictionary literals are sequences of pairs separated by comma `,`; sequences are enclosed between brace brackets.
+
+.Dict literal syntax
+====
+*_dict_* = _empty-dict_ | _non-empty-dict_ +
+_empty-dict_ = "**{}**" +
+_non-empty-dict_ = "**{**" _key-scalar_ "**:**" _any-value_ {"**,**" _key-scalar_ "**:**" _any-value} "**}**" +
+====

 .Examples
-[source,go]
----
-a=1
-x = 5.2 * (9-3)
-x = 1; y = 2*x
----
+`>>>` [blue]`{1:"one", 2:"two"}` +
+`>>>` [blue]`{"one":1, "two": 2}` +
+`>>>` [blue]`{"sum":1+2+3, "prod":1*2*3}`
+
+== Variables
+_Expr_ supports variables like most programming languages. A variable is an identifier with an assigned value. Variables are stored in _contexts_.
+
+.Variable literal syntax
+====
+*_variable_* = _identifier_ "*=*" _any-value_ +
+_identifier_ = _alpha_ {(_alpha_)|_dec-digit_|"*_*"} +
+__alpha__ = "*a*"|"*b*"|..."*z*"|"*A*"|"*B*"|..."*Z*"
+====
+
+NOTE: The assign operator [blue]`=` returns the value assigned to the variable.
+
+.Examples
+`>>>` [blue]`a=1` +
+[green]`1` +
+`>>>` [blue]`a_b=1+2` +
+[green]`1+2` +
+`>>>` [blue]`a_b` +
+[green]`3` +
+`>>>` [blue]`x = 5.2 * (9-3)`  [gray]_// The assigned value has the approximation error typical of the float data-type_ +
+[green]`31.200000000000003` +
+`>>>` [blue]`x = 1; y = 2*x` +
+[green]`2` +
+`>>>` [blue]`_a=2` +
+[red]`Parse Error: [1:2] unexpected token "_"` +
+`>>>` [blue]`1=2` +
+[red]`Parse Error: assign operator ("=") must be preceded by a variable`
+

 == Other operations

 === [blue]`;` operator
-The semicolon operator [blue]`;` is an infixed pseudo-operator. It evaluates the left expression first and then the right expression. The latter is the final result.
+The semicolon operator [blue]`;` is an infixed pseudo-operator. It evaluates the left expression first and then the right expression. The value of the latter is the final result.
+
+An expression that contains [blue]`;` is called a _multi-expression_ and each component expressione is called a _sub-expression_.

 IMPORTANT: Technically [blue]`;` is not treated as a real operator. It acts as a separator in lists of expressions.

 TIP: [blue]`;` can be used to set some variables before the final calculation.

 .Example
-[source,go]
----
-a=1; b=2; c=3; a+b+c    // returns 6
----
+`>>>` [blue]`a=1; b=2; c=3; a+b+c` +
+[green]`6`
+
+The value of each sub-expression is stored in the automatica variable _last_.
+
+.Example
+`>>>` [blue]`2+3; b=last+10; last` +
+[green]`15`
+

 === [blue]`but` operator
 [blue]`but` is an infixed operator. Its operands can be expressions of any type. It evaluates the left expression first, then the right expression. The value of the right expression is the final result. Examples: [blue]`5 but 2` returns 2, [blue]`x=2*3 but x-1` returns 5.
@@ -363,50 +476,65 @@ The assignment operator [blue]`=` is used to define variables in the evaluation
 The value on the left side of [blue]`=` must be an identifier. The value on the right side can be any expression and it becomes the result of the assignment operation.

 .Example
-[source,go]
----
-a=15+1    // returns 16
----
+`>>>` [blue]`a=15+1`
+[green]`16`
+

 === Selector operator [blue]`? : ::`
 The _selector operator_ is very similar to the _switch/case/default_ statement available in many programming languages.

-.Syntax
-[source,bnf]
----
-<selector-operator> ::= <select-expression> "?" <selector-case> { ":" <selector-case> } ["::" <default-multi-expression>]
-<selector-case> ::= [<match-list>] <case-value>
-<match-list> ::= "["<item>{","<items>}"]"
-<item> ::= <expression
-<case-multi-expression> ::= "{" <multi-expression> "}"
-<multi-expression> ::= <expression> {";" <expression>}
----
+.Selector literal Syntax
+_selector-operator_ = _select-expression_ "*?*" _selector-case_ { "*:*" _selector-case_ } ["*::*" _default-multi-expression_] +
+_selector-case_ = [_match-list_] _case-value_ +
+_match-list_ = "*[*" _item_ {"*,*" _items_} "*]*" +
+_item_ = _expression_ +
+_case-multi-expression_ = "*{*" _multi-expression_ "*}*" +
+_multi-expression_ = _expression_ { "*;*" _expression_ } +
+_default-multi-expression_ = _multi-expression_

-In other words, the selector operator evaluates the expression (`<select-expression>`) on the left-hand side of the `?` symbol; it then compares the result obtained with the values listed in the `<match-list>`'s. If the comparision finds a match with a value in a match-list, the associated  `<case-multi-expression>` is evaluted, and its result will be the final result of the selection operation.
+In other words, the selector operator evaluates the _select-expression_ on the left-hand side of the [blue]`?` symbol; it then compares the result obtained with the values listed in the __match-list__'s, from left to right. If the comparision finds a match with a value in a _match-list_, the associated _case-multi-expression_ is evaluted, and its result will be the final result of the selection operation.

-The match lists are optional. In that case, the position, from left to right, of the `<selector-case>` is used as match-list. Of course, that only works if the select-expression results in an integer.
+The match lists are optional. In that case, the position, from left to right, of the _selector-case_ is used as _match-list_. Of course, that only works if the _select-expression_ results in an integer.

-The `:` symbol (colon) is the separator of the selector-cases. Note that if the value of the select-expression does not match any match-list, an error will be issued. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to provide a default (multi-)expression introduced by the `::` symbol (double-colon). Also note that the default expression has no match-list.
+The [blue]`:` symbol (colon) is the separator of the selector-cases. Note that if the value of the _select-expression_ does not match any _match-list_, an error will be issued. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to provide a default (multi-)expression introduced by the [blue]`::` symbol (double-colon). Also note that the default expression has no _match-list_.

 .Examples
-[source,go]
----
-`>>>` [blue]`1 ? {"a"} : {"b"}`
-[green]`b`
-`>>>` [blue]`10 ? {"a"} : {"b"} :: {"c"}`
-[green]`c'
-[green]`>>>` [blue]`10 ? {"a"} :[true, 2+8] {"b"} :: {"c"}`
-[green]`b`
-`>>>` [blue]`10 ? {"a"} :[true, 2+8] {"b"} ::[10] {"c"}`
-[red]`Parse Error: [1:34] case list in default clause`
-[green]`>>>` [blue]`10 ? {"a"} :[10] {x="b" but x} :: {"c"}`
-[green]`b`
-`>>>` [blue]`10 ? {"a"} :[10] {x="b"; x} :: {"c"}`
-[green]`b`
-`>>>` [blue]`10 ? {"a"} : {"b"}`
+`>>>` [blue]`1 ? {"a"} : {"b"}` +
+[green]`b` +
+`>>>` [blue]`10 ? {"a"} : {"b"} :: {"c"}` +
+[green]`c' +
+[green]`>>>` [blue]`10 ? {"a"} :[true, 2+8] {"b"} :: {"c"}` +
+[green]`b` +
+`>>>` [blue]`10 ? {"a"} :[true, 2+8] {"b"} ::[10] {"c"}` +
+[red]`Parse Error: [1:34] case list in default clause` +
+[green]`>>>` [blue]`10 ? {"a"} :[10] {x="b" but x} :: {"c"}` +
+[green]`b` +
+`>>>` [blue]`10 ? {"a"} :[10] {x="b"; x} :: {"c"}` +
+[green]`b` +
+`>>>` [blue]`10 ? {"a"} : {"b"}` +
 [red]`Eval Error: [1:3] no case catches the value (10) of the selection expression`

----
+
+=== Variable default value [blue]`??` and [blue]`?=`
+The left operand of these two operators must be a variable. The right operator can be any expression. They return the value of the variable if this is define; otherwise they return the value of the right expression.
+
+IMPORTANT: If the left variable is defined, the right expression is not evuated at all.
+
+The [blue]`??` do not change the status of the left variable.
+
+The [blue]`?=` assigns the calculated value of the right expression to the left variable.
+
+.Examples
+`>>>` [blue]`var ?? (1+2)`'
+[green]`3` +
+`>>>` [blue]`var` +
+[red]`Eval Error: undefined variable or function "var"` +
+`>>>` [blue]`var ?= (1+2)` +
+[green]`3` +
+`>>>` [blue]`var` +
+[green]`3`
+
+NOTE: These operators have a high priority, in particular higher than the operator [blue]`=`.

 == Priorities of operators
 The table below shows all supported operators by decreasing priorities.
@@ -541,34 +541,40 @@ pre.rouge .ss {
 </li>
 <li><a href="#_data_types">2. Data types</a>
 <ul class="sectlevel2">
-<li><a href="#_numbers">2.1. Numbers</a></li>
-<li><a href="#_fractions">2.2. Fractions</a></li>
-<li><a href="#_strings">2.3. Strings</a></li>
-<li><a href="#_boolean">2.4. Boolean</a></li>
-<li><a href="#_lists">2.5. Lists</a></li>
+<li><a href="#_numbers">2.1. Numbers</a>
+<ul class="sectlevel3">
+<li><a href="#_integers">2.1.1. Integers</a></li>
+<li><a href="#_floats">2.1.2. Floats</a></li>
+<li><a href="#_fractions">2.1.3. Fractions</a></li>
 </ul>
 </li>
-<li><a href="#_dictionaries">3. Dictionaries</a></li>
-<li><a href="#_variables">4. Variables</a></li>
-<li><a href="#_other_operations">5. Other operations</a>
-<ul class="sectlevel2">
-<li><a href="#_operator">5.1. <code class="blue">;</code> operator</a></li>
-<li><a href="#_but_operator">5.2. <code class="blue">but</code> operator</a></li>
-<li><a href="#_assignment_operator">5.3. Assignment operator <code class="blue">=</code></a></li>
-<li><a href="#_selector_operator">5.4. Selector operator <code class="blue">? : ::</code></a></li>
+<li><a href="#_strings">2.2. Strings</a></li>
+<li><a href="#_booleans">2.3. Booleans</a></li>
+<li><a href="#_lists">2.4. Lists</a></li>
+<li><a href="#_dictionaries">2.5. Dictionaries</a></li>
 </ul>
 </li>
-<li><a href="#_priorities_of_operators">6. Priorities of operators</a></li>
-<li><a href="#_functions">7. Functions</a>
+<li><a href="#_variables">3. Variables</a></li>
+<li><a href="#_other_operations">4. Other operations</a>
 <ul class="sectlevel2">
-<li><a href="#_function_calls">7.1. Function calls</a></li>
-<li><a href="#_function_definitions">7.2. Function definitions</a></li>
+<li><a href="#_operator">4.1. <code class="blue">;</code> operator</a></li>
+<li><a href="#_but_operator">4.2. <code class="blue">but</code> operator</a></li>
+<li><a href="#_assignment_operator">4.3. Assignment operator <code class="blue">=</code></a></li>
+<li><a href="#_selector_operator">4.4. Selector operator <code class="blue">? : ::</code></a></li>
+<li><a href="#_variable_default_value_and">4.5. Variable default value <code class="blue">??</code> and <code class="blue">?=</code></a></li>
 </ul>
 </li>
-<li><a href="#_builtins">8. Builtins</a>
+<li><a href="#_priorities_of_operators">5. Priorities of operators</a></li>
+<li><a href="#_functions">6. Functions</a>
 <ul class="sectlevel2">
-<li><a href="#_builtin_functions">8.1. Builtin functions</a></li>
-<li><a href="#_import">8.2. <em class="blue">import()</em></a></li>
+<li><a href="#_function_calls">6.1. Function calls</a></li>
+<li><a href="#_function_definitions">6.2. Function definitions</a></li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li><a href="#_builtins">7. Builtins</a>
+<ul class="sectlevel2">
+<li><a href="#_builtin_functions">7.1. Builtin functions</a></li>
+<li><a href="#_import">7.2. <em class="blue">import()</em></a></li>
 </ul>
 </li>
 </ul>
@@ -579,7 +585,7 @@ pre.rouge .ss {
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <!-- toc disabled -->
 <div class="paragraph">
-<p><mark>TODO: Work in progress (last update on 2024/05/10, 06:52 a.m.)</mark></p>
+<p><mark>TODO: Work in progress (last update on 2024/05/17, 15:47 p.m.)</mark></p>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -603,10 +609,10 @@ pre.rouge .ss {
 <div class="sect2">
 <h3 id="_dev_expr_test_tool"><a class="anchor" href="#_dev_expr_test_tool"></a><a class="link" href="#_dev_expr_test_tool">1.2. <code>dev-expr</code> test tool</a></h3>
 <div class="paragraph">
-<p><code>dev-expr</code> is a simple program that can be used to evaluate expressions interactively. As its name suggests, it was created for testing purpose. In fact, beyond in additon to the automatic test suite based on the Go test framework, <code>dev-expr</code> provides an important aid for quickly testing of new features during their development.</p>
+<p><code>dev-expr</code> is a simple program that can be used to evaluate expressions interactively. As its name suggests, it was created for testing purpose.  In fact, in additon to the automatic verification test suite based on the Go test framework, <code>dev-expr</code> provides an important aid for quickly testing of new features during their development.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="paragraph">
-<p>It cat work as a <em>REPL</em>, <em><strong>R</strong>ead-<strong>E</strong>xecute-<strong>P</strong>rint-<strong>L</strong>oop</em>, or it can process expression acquired from files or standard input.</p>
+<p><code>dev-expr</code> can work as a <em>REPL</em>, <em><strong>R</strong>ead-<strong>E</strong>xecute-<strong>P</strong>rint-<strong>L</strong>oop</em>, or it can process expression acquired from files or standard input.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="paragraph">
 <p>The program can be downloaded from <a href="https://git.portale-stac.it/go-pkg/-/packages/generic/dev-expr/">dev-expr</a>.</p>
@@ -617,21 +623,23 @@ pre.rouge .ss {
 <div class="listingblock">
 <div class="title">Run <code>dev-expr</code> in REPL mode and ask for help</div>
 <div class="content">
-<pre class="rouge highlight"><code data-lang="shell"><span class="c"># Assume the expr source directory. Type 'exit' or Ctrl+D to quit the program.</span>
+<pre class="rouge highlight"><code data-lang="shell"><span class="c"># Type 'exit' or Ctrl+D to quit the program.</span>

-<span class="o">[</span>user]<span class="nv">$ </span>tools/expr <span class="nt">--</span> Expressions calculator v1.7.0,2024/05/08 <span class="o">(</span>celestino.amoroso@portale-stac.it<span class="o">)</span>
-	Type <span class="nb">help </span>to get the list of command.
+<span class="o">[</span>user]<span class="nv">$ </span>./dev-expr
+<span class="nb">expr</span> <span class="nt">--</span> Expressions calculator v1.7.1<span class="o">(</span>build 2<span class="o">)</span>,2024/05/16 <span class="o">(</span>celestino.amoroso@portale-stac.it<span class="o">)</span>
+	Based on the Expr package v0.10.0
+	Type <span class="nb">help </span>to get the list of available commands
 	See also https://git.portale-stac.it/go-pkg/expr/src/branch/main/README.adoc

 <span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span> <span class="nb">help</span>
 <span class="nt">---</span> REPL commands:
+      <span class="nb">source</span> <span class="nt">--</span> Load a file as input
+         <span class="nb">tty</span> <span class="nt">--</span> Enable/Disable ansi output <i class="conum" data-value="1"></i><b>(1)</b>
        base <span class="nt">--</span> Set the integer output base: 2, 8, 10, or 16
        <span class="nb">exit</span> <span class="nt">--</span> Exit the program
        <span class="nb">help</span> <span class="nt">--</span> Show <span class="nb">command </span>list
          ml <span class="nt">--</span> Enable/Disable multi-line output
        mods <span class="nt">--</span> List <span class="nb">builtin </span>modules
-      <span class="nb">source</span> <span class="nt">--</span> Load a file as input
-         <span class="nb">tty</span> <span class="nt">--</span> Enable/Disable ansi output <i class="conum" data-value="1"></i><b>(1)</b>

 <span class="nt">---</span> Command line options:
    <span class="nt">-b</span> &lt;<span class="nb">builtin</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>       Import <span class="nb">builtin </span>modules.
@@ -662,9 +670,12 @@ pre.rouge .ss {
 <div class="listingblock">
 <div class="title">REPL examples</div>
 <div class="content">
-<pre class="rouge highlight"><code data-lang="shell"><span class="o">[</span>user]<span class="nv">$ </span>tools/expr <span class="nt">--</span> Expressions calculator v1.6.1,2024/05/06 <span class="o">(</span>celestino.amoroso@portale-stac.it<span class="o">)</span>
-        Type <span class="nb">help </span>to get the list of command.
-        See also https://git.portale-stac.it/go-pkg/expr/src/branch/main/README.adoc
+<pre class="rouge highlight"><code data-lang="shell"><span class="o">[</span>user]<span class="nv">$ </span>./dev-expr
+<span class="nb">expr</span> <span class="nt">--</span> Expressions calculator v1.7.1<span class="o">(</span>build 2<span class="o">)</span>,2024/05/16 <span class="o">(</span>celestino.amoroso@portale-stac.it<span class="o">)</span>
+	Based on the Expr package v0.10.0
+	Type <span class="nb">help </span>to get the list of available commands
+	See also https://git.portale-stac.it/go-pkg/expr/src/branch/main/README.adoc
+
 <span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span> 2+3
 5
 <span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span> 2+3<span class="k">*</span><span class="o">(</span>4-1.5<span class="o">)</span>
@@ -721,7 +732,49 @@ pre.rouge .ss {
 <div class="sect2">
 <h3 id="_numbers"><a class="anchor" href="#_numbers"></a><a class="link" href="#_numbers">2.1. Numbers</a></h3>
 <div class="paragraph">
-<p>Numbers can be integers (GO int64) or float (GO float64). In mixed operations involving integers and floats, integers are automatically promoted to floats.</p>
+<p><em>Expr</em> supports three type of numbers:</p>
+</div>
+<div class="olist arabic">
+<ol class="arabic">
+<li>
+<p><span class="blue">Integers</span></p>
+</li>
+<li>
+<p><span class="blue">Floats</span></p>
+</li>
+<li>
+<p><span class="blue">Factions</span></p>
+</li>
+</ol>
+</div>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<p>In mixed operations involving integers, fractions and floats, automatic type promotion to the largest type take place.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="sect3">
+<h4 id="_integers"><a class="anchor" href="#_integers"></a><a class="link" href="#_integers">2.1.1. Integers</a></h4>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<p><em>Expr</em>'s integers are a subset of the integer set. Internally they are stored as Golang <em>int64</em> values.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="exampleblock">
+<div class="title">Example 1. Integer literal syntax</div>
+<div class="content">
+<div class="paragraph">
+<p><strong><em>integer</em></strong> = [<em>sign</em>] <em>digit-seq</em><br>
+<em>sign</em> = "<strong>+</strong>" | "<strong>-</strong>"<br>
+<em>digit-seq</em> = <em>dec-seq</em> | <em>bin-seq</em> | <em>oct-seq</em> | <em>hex-seq</em><br>
+<em>dec-seq</em> = {<em>dec-digit</em>}<br>
+<em>dec-digit</em> = "<strong>0</strong>"|"<strong>1</strong>"|&#8230;&#8203;|"<strong>9</strong>"<br>
+<em>bin-seq</em> = "<strong>0b</strong>"{<em>bin-digit</em>}<br>
+<em>bin-digit</em> = "<strong>0</strong>"|"<strong>1</strong>"<br>
+<em>oct-seq</em> = "<strong>0o</strong>"{<em>oct-digit</em>}<br>
+<em>oct-digit</em> = "<strong>0</strong>"|"<strong>1</strong>"|&#8230;&#8203;|"<strong>7</strong>"<br>
+<em>hex-seq</em> = "<strong>0x</strong>"{<em>hex-digit</em>}<br>
+<em>hex-digit</em> = "<strong>0</strong>"|"<strong>1</strong>"|&#8230;&#8203;|"<strong>9</strong>"|"<strong>a</strong>"|&#8230;&#8203;|"<strong>z</strong>"|"<strong>A</strong>"|&#8230;&#8203;|"<strong>Z</strong>"</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<p>Value range: <strong>-9223372036854775808</strong> to <strong>9223372036854775807</strong></p>
 </div>
 <table class="tableblock frame-all grid-all stretch">
 <caption class="title">Table 1. Arithmetic operators</caption>
@@ -731,87 +784,162 @@ pre.rouge .ss {
 <col style="width: 46.1538%;">
 <col style="width: 30.7693%;">
 </colgroup>
-<thead>
-<tr>
-<th class="tableblock halign-center valign-top">Symbol</th>
-<th class="tableblock halign-center valign-top">Operation</th>
-<th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">Description</th>
-<th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">Examples</th>
-</tr>
-</thead>
 <tbody>
 <tr>
-<td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">+</code> / <code class="blue">-</code></p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>change sign</em></p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Change the sign of values</p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">-1</code> <em>[-1]</em><br>
-<code class="blue">-(+2)</code> <em>[-2]</em></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Symbol</p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Operation</p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Description</p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Examples</p></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">+</code></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>sum</em></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Add two values</p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">-1 + 2</code> <em>[1]</em><br>
-<code class="blue">4 + 0.5</code> <em>[4.5]</em></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">-1 + 2</code> &#8594; 1</p></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">-</code></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>subtraction</em></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Subtract the right value from the left one</p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">3 - 1</code> <em>[2]</em><br>
-<code class="blue">4 - 0.5</code> <em>[3.5]</em></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">3 - 1</code> &#8594; 2</p></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">*</code></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>product</em></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Multiply two values</p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code>-1 * 2</code> <em>[-2]</em><br>
-<code class="blue">4 * 0.5</code> <em>[2.0]</em></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">-1 * 2</code> &#8594; -2</p></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">/</code></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>Division</em></p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Divide the left value by the right one</p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">-1 / 2</code> <em>[0]</em><br>
-<code class="blue">1.0 / 2</code> <em>[0.5]</em></p></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">./</code></p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>Float division</em></p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Force float division</p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">-1 ./ 2</code> <em>[-0.5]</em></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Divide the left value by the right one<sup>(*)</sup></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">-10 / 2</code> &#8594; 5</p></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">%</code></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>Modulo</em></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Remainder of the integer division</p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">5 % 2</code> <em>[1]</em></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">5 % 2</code> &#8594; 1</p></td>
+</tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<p><sup>(*)</sup> See also the <em>float division</em> <code class="blue">./</code> below.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="sect3">
+<h4 id="_floats"><a class="anchor" href="#_floats"></a><a class="link" href="#_floats">2.1.2. Floats</a></h4>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<p><em>Expr</em>'s floats are a subset of the rational number set. Note that they can&#8217;t hold the exact value of an unlimited number; floats can only approximate them. Internally floats are stored as Golang&#8217;s <em>float64</em> values.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="exampleblock">
+<div class="title">Example 2. Float literal syntax</div>
+<div class="content">
+<div class="paragraph">
+<p><strong><em>float</em></strong> = [<em>sign</em>] <em>dec-seq</em> "<strong>.</strong>" [<em>dec-seq</em>] [("<strong>e</strong>"|"<strong>E</strong>") [<em>sign</em>] <em>dec-seq</em>]<br>
+<em>sign</em> = "<strong>+</strong>" | "<strong>-</strong>"<br>
+<em>dec-seq</em> = <em>see-integer-literal-syntax</em></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<div class="title">Examples</div>
+<p><code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">1.0</code><br>
+<code class="green">1</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">0.123</code><br>
+<code class="green">0.123</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">4.5e+3</code><br>
+<code class="green">4500</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">4.5E-33</code><br>
+<code class="green">4.5e-33</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">4.5E-3</code><br>
+<code class="green">0.0045</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">4.5E10</code><br>
+<code class="green">4.5e+10</code></p>
+</div>
+<table class="tableblock frame-all grid-all stretch">
+<caption class="title">Table 2. Arithmetic operators</caption>
+<colgroup>
+<col style="width: 7.6923%;">
+<col style="width: 15.3846%;">
+<col style="width: 46.1538%;">
+<col style="width: 30.7693%;">
+</colgroup>
+<tbody>
+<tr>
+<td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Symbol</p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Operation</p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Description</p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Examples</p></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">+</code></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>sum</em></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Add two values</p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">4 + 0.5</code> &#8594; 4.5</p></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">-</code></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>subtraction</em></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Subtract the right value from the left one</p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">4 - 0.5</code> &#8594; 3.5</p></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">*</code></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>product</em></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Multiply two values</p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">4 * 0.5</code> &#8594; 2.0</p></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">/</code></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>Division</em></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Divide the left value by the right one</p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">1.0 / 2</code> &#8594; 0.5</p></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">./</code></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>Float division</em></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Force float division</p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">-1 ./ 2</code> &#8594; -0.5</p></td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table>
 </div>
-<div class="sect2">
-<h3 id="_fractions"><a class="anchor" href="#_fractions"></a><a class="link" href="#_fractions">2.2. Fractions</a></h3>
+<div class="sect3">
+<h4 id="_fractions"><a class="anchor" href="#_fractions"></a><a class="link" href="#_fractions">2.1.3. Fractions</a></h4>
 <div class="paragraph">
 <p><em>Expr</em> also supports fractions. Fraction literals are made with two integers separated by a vertical bar <code>|</code>.</p>
 </div>
+<div class="exampleblock">
+<div class="title">Example 3. Fraction literal syntax</div>
+<div class="content">
+<div class="paragraph">
+<p><strong><em>fraction</em></strong> = [<em>sign</em>] (<em>num-den-spec</em> | <em>float-spec</em>)<br>
+<em>sign</em> = "<strong>+</strong>" | "<strong>-</strong>"<br>
+<em>num-den-spec</em> = <em>digit-seq</em> "<strong>|</strong>" <em>digit-seq</em><br>
+<em>float-spec</em> = <em>dec-seq</em> "<strong>.</strong>" [<em>dec-seq</em>] "<strong>(</strong>" <em>dec-seq</em> "<strong>)</strong>"<br>
+<em>dec-seq</em> = <em>see-integer-literal-syntax</em><br>
+<em>digit-seq</em> = <em>see-integer-literal-syntax</em></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
 <div class="paragraph">
 <div class="title">Examples</div>
 <p><code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">1 | 2</code><br>
 <code class="green">1|2</code><br>
-<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">4|6</code><br>
-<code class="green">2|3</code> <em class="gray">Fractions are always reduced to their lowest terms</em><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">4|6</code>  <em class="gray">// Fractions are always reduced to their lowest terms</em><br>
+<code class="green">2|3</code><br>
 <code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">1|2 + 2|3</code><br>
 <code class="green">7|6</code><br>
 <code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">1|2 * 2|3</code><br>
 <code class="green">1|3</code><br>
 <code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">1|2 / 1|3</code><br>
 <code class="green">3|2</code><br>
-<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">1|2 ./ 1|3</code> <em class="gray">Force decimal division</em><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">1|2 ./ 1|3</code> <em class="gray">// Force decimal division</em><br>
 <code class="green">1.5</code><br>
 <code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">-1|2</code><br>
 <code class="green">-1|2</code><br>
-<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">1|-2</code> <em class="gray">Wrong sign specification</em><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">1|-2</code> <em class="gray">// Invalid sign specification</em><br>
 <em class="red">Eval Error: [1:3] infix operator "|" requires two non-nil operands, got 1</em><br>
 <code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">1|(-2)</code><br>
 <code class="green">-1|2</code></p>
@@ -820,24 +948,38 @@ pre.rouge .ss {
 <p>Fractions can be used together with integers and floats in expressions.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="paragraph">
+<div class="title">Examples</div>
 <p><code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">1|2 + 5</code><br>
 <code class="green">11|2</code><br>
 <code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">4 - 1|2</code><br>
 <code class="green">7|2</code><br>
 <code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">1.0 + 1|2</code><br>
-<code class="green">1.5</code><br></p>
+<code class="green">1.5</code></p>
+</div>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="sect2">
-<h3 id="_strings"><a class="anchor" href="#_strings"></a><a class="link" href="#_strings">2.3. Strings</a></h3>
+<h3 id="_strings"><a class="anchor" href="#_strings"></a><a class="link" href="#_strings">2.2. Strings</a></h3>
 <div class="paragraph">
-<p>Strings are character sequences enclosed between two double quote <code class="blue">"</code>. Example: <code class="blue">"I&#8217;m a string"</code>.</p>
+<p>Strings are character sequences enclosed between two double quote <code class="blue">"</code>.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<div class="title">Examples</div>
+<p><code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">"I&#8217;m a string"</code><br>
+<code class="green">I&#8217;m a string</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">"123abc?!"</code><br>
+<code class="green">123abc?!</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">"123\nabc"</code><br>
+<code class="green">123</code><br>
+<code class="green">abc</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">"123\tabc"</code><br>
+<code class="green">123&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;abc</code></p>
 </div>
 <div class="paragraph">
 <p>Some arithmetic operators can also be used with strings.</p>
 </div>
 <table class="tableblock frame-all grid-all stretch">
-<caption class="title">Table 2. String operators</caption>
+<caption class="title">Table 3. String operators</caption>
 <colgroup>
 <col style="width: 7.6923%;">
 <col style="width: 15.3846%;">
@@ -871,10 +1013,12 @@ pre.rouge .ss {
 <div class="paragraph">
 <p>The items of strings can be accessed using the dot <code>.</code> operator.</p>
 </div>
-<div class="listingblock">
-<div class="title">Item access syntax</div>
+<div class="exampleblock">
+<div class="title">Example 4. Item access syntax</div>
 <div class="content">
-<pre class="rouge highlight"><code data-lang="bnf">&lt;item&gt; ::= &lt;string-expr&gt;"."&lt;index-expr&gt;</code></pre>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<p><em>item</em> = <em>string-expr</em> "<strong>.</strong>" <em>integer-expr</em></p>
+</div>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="paragraph">
@@ -888,16 +1032,16 @@ pre.rouge .ss {
 <code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">#s</code>       <em class="gray">number of chars</em><br>
 <code class="gren">3</code><br>
 <code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">#"abc"</code>   <em class="gray">number of chars</em><br>
-<code class="green">3</code><br></p>
+<code class="green">3</code></p>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="sect2">
-<h3 id="_boolean"><a class="anchor" href="#_boolean"></a><a class="link" href="#_boolean">2.4. Boolean</a></h3>
+<h3 id="_booleans"><a class="anchor" href="#_booleans"></a><a class="link" href="#_booleans">2.3. Booleans</a></h3>
 <div class="paragraph">
-<p>Boolean data type has two values only: <em>true</em> and <em>false</em>. Relational and Boolean expressions produce Boolean values.</p>
+<p>Boolean data type has two values only: <em class="blue">true</em> and <em class="blue">false</em>. Relational and boolean expressions result in boolean values.</p>
 </div>
 <table class="tableblock frame-all grid-all stretch">
-<caption class="title">Table 3. Relational operators</caption>
+<caption class="title">Table 4. Relational operators</caption>
 <colgroup>
 <col style="width: 7.6923%;">
 <col style="width: 15.3846%;">
@@ -917,48 +1061,48 @@ pre.rouge .ss {
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">==</code></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>Equal</em></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">True if the left value is equal to the right one</p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">5 == 2</code> <em>[false]</em><br>
-<code class="blue">"a" == "a"</code> <em>[true]</em></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">5 == 2</code> &#8594; <em>false</em><br>
+<code class="blue">"a" == "a"</code> &#8594; <em>true</em></p></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">!=</code></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>Not Equal</em></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">True if the left value is NOT equal to the right one</p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">5 != 2</code> <em>[true]</em><br>
-<code class="blue">"a" != "a"</code> <em>[false]</em></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">5 != 2</code> &#8594; <em>true</em><br>
+<code class="blue">"a" != "a"</code> &#8594; <em>false</em></p></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">&lt;</code></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>Less</em></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">True if the left value is less than the right one</p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">5 &lt; 2</code> <em>[false]</em><br>
-<code class="blue">"a" &lt; "b"</code> <em>[true]</em></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">5 &lt; 2</code> &#8594; <em>false</em><br>
+<code class="blue">"a" &lt; "b"</code> &#8594; <em>true</em></p></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">&lt;=</code></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>Less or Equal</em></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">True if the left value is less than or equal to the right one</p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">5 &lt;= 2</code> <em>[false]</em><br>
-<code class="blue">"b" &lt;= "b"</code> <em>[true]</em></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">5 &lt;= 2</code> &#8594; <em>false</em><br>
+<code class="blue">"b" &lt;= "b"</code> &#8594; <em>true</em></p></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">&gt;</code></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>Greater</em></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">True if the left value is greater than the right one</p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">5 &gt; 2</code> <em>[true]</em><br>
-<code class="blue">"a" &lt; "b"</code> <em>[false]</em></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">5 &gt; 2</code> &#8594; <em>true</em><br>
+<code class="blue">"a" &lt; "b"</code> &#8594; <em>false</em></p></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">&gt;=</code></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>Greater or Equal</em></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">True if the left value is greater than or equal to the right one</p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">5 &gt;= 2</code> <em>[true]</em><br>
-<code class="blue">"b" &lt;= "b"</code> <em>[true]</em></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">5 &gt;= 2</code> &#8594; <em>true</em><br>
+<code class="blue">"b" &lt;= "b"</code> &#8594; <em>true</em></p></td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table>
 <table class="tableblock frame-all grid-all stretch">
-<caption class="title">Table 4. Boolean operators</caption>
+<caption class="title">Table 5. Boolean operators</caption>
 <colgroup>
 <col style="width: 15.3846%;">
 <col style="width: 15.3846%;">
@@ -978,22 +1122,22 @@ pre.rouge .ss {
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">NOT</code></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>Not</em></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">True if the right value is false</p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">NOT true</code> <em>[false]</em><br>
-<code class="blue">NOT (2 &lt; 1)</code> <em>[true]</em></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">NOT true</code> &#8594; <em>false</em><br>
+<code class="blue">NOT (2 &lt; 1)</code> &#8594; <em>true</em></p></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">AND</code> / <code class="blue">&amp;&amp;</code></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>And</em></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">True if both left and right values are true</p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">false &amp;&amp; true</code> <em>[false]</em><br>
-<code class="blue">"a" &lt; "b" AND NOT (2 &lt; 1)</code> <em>[true]</em></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">false &amp;&amp; true</code> &#8594; <em>false</em><br>
+<code class="blue">"a" &lt; "b" AND NOT (2 &lt; 1)</code> &#8594; <em>true</em></p></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">OR</code> / <code class="blue">||</code></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>Or</em></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">True if at least one of the left and right values integers true</p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">false or true</code> <em>[true]</em><br>
-<code class="blue">"a" == "b" OR (2 == 1)</code> <em>[false]</em></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">false or true</code> &#8594; <em>true</em><br>
+<code class="blue">"a" == "b" OR (2 == 1)</code> &#8594; <em>false</em></p></td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table>
@@ -1005,7 +1149,7 @@ pre.rouge .ss {
 </td>
 <td class="content">
 <div class="paragraph">
-<p>Currently, boolean operations are evaluated using <em>short cut evaluation</em>. This means that, if the left expression of operators <code class="blue">and</code> and <code class="blue">or</code> is sufficient to establish the result of the whole operation, the right expression would not evaluated at all.</p>
+<p>Currently, boolean operations are evaluated using <em>short cut evaluation</em>. This means that, if the left expression of the <code class="blue">and</code> and <code class="blue">or</code> operators is sufficient to establish the result of the whole operation, the right expression would not evaluated at all.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="listingblock">
 <div class="title">Example</div>
@@ -1027,22 +1171,35 @@ pre.rouge .ss {
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="sect2">
-<h3 id="_lists"><a class="anchor" href="#_lists"></a><a class="link" href="#_lists">2.5. Lists</a></h3>
+<h3 id="_lists"><a class="anchor" href="#_lists"></a><a class="link" href="#_lists">2.4. Lists</a></h3>
 <div class="paragraph">
-<p><em>Expr</em> supports list of mixed-type values, also specified by normal expressions.</p>
+<p><em>Expr</em> supports list of mixed-type values, also specified by normal expressions. Internally, <em>Expr</em>'s lists are Go arrays.</p>
 </div>
-<div class="listingblock">
-<div class="title">List examples</div>
+<div class="exampleblock">
+<div class="title">Example 5. List literal syntax</div>
 <div class="content">
-<pre class="rouge highlight"><code data-lang="go"><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="m">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="m">3</span><span class="p">]</span>                   <span class="c">// List of integers</span>
-<span class="p">[</span><span class="s">"one"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"two"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"three"</span><span class="p">]</span>     <span class="c">// List of strings</span>
-<span class="p">[</span><span class="s">"one"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="m">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="no">false</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="m">4.1</span><span class="p">]</span>      <span class="c">// List of mixed-types</span>
-<span class="p">[</span><span class="s">"one"</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="m">2.0</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">9</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)]</span>        <span class="c">// List of expressions</span>
-<span class="p">[</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s">"one"</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s">"two"</span><span class="p">]]</span>     <span class="c">// List of lists</span></code></pre>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<p><strong><em>list</em></strong> = <em>empty-list</em> | <em>non-empty-list</em><br>
+<em>empty-list</em> = "<strong>[]</strong>"<br>
+<em>non-empty-list</em> = "<strong>[</strong>" <em>any-value</em> {"<strong>,</strong>" _any-value} "<strong>]</strong>"<br></p>
 </div>
 </div>
+</div>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<div class="title">Examples</div>
+<p><code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">[1,2,3]</code>                     <em class="gray">// List of integers</em><br>
+<code class="green">[1, 2, 3]</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">["one", "two", "three"]</code>     <em class="gray">// List of strings</em><br>
+<code class="green">["one", "two", "three"]</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">["one", 2, false, 4.1]</code>      <em class="gray">// List of mixed-types</em><br>
+<code class="green">["one", 2, false, 4.1]</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">["one"+1, 2.0*(9-2)]</code>        <em class="gray">// List of expressions</em><br>
+<code class="green">["one1", 14]</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">[ [1,"one"], [2,"two"]]</code>     <em class="gray">// List of lists</em><br>
+<code class="green">[[1, "one"], [2, "two"]]</code></p>
+</div>
 <table class="tableblock frame-all grid-all stretch">
-<caption class="title">Table 5. List operators</caption>
+<caption class="title">Table 6. List operators</caption>
 <colgroup>
 <col style="width: 15.3846%;">
 <col style="width: 15.3846%;">
@@ -1062,23 +1219,25 @@ pre.rouge .ss {
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">+</code></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>Join</em></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Joins two lists</p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">[1,2] + [3]</code> <em>[ [1,2,3] ]</em></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">[1,2] + [3]</code> &#8594; <em>[1,2,3]</em></p></td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">-</code></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-center valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><em>Difference</em></p></td>
 <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Left list without elements in the right list</p></td>
-<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">[1,2,3] - [2]</code> <em>[ [1,3] ]</em></p></td>
+<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code class="blue">[1,2,3] - [2]</code> &#8594; <em>[1,3]</em></p></td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table>
 <div class="paragraph">
 <p>The items of array can be accessed using the dot <code>.</code> operator.</p>
 </div>
-<div class="listingblock">
-<div class="title">Item access syntax</div>
+<div class="exampleblock">
+<div class="title">Example 6. Item access syntax</div>
 <div class="content">
-<pre class="rouge highlight"><code data-lang="bnf">&lt;item&gt; ::= &lt;list-expr&gt;"."&lt;index-expr&gt;</code></pre>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<p><em>item</em> = <em>list-expr</em> "<strong>.</strong>" <em>list-expr</em></p>
+</div>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="paragraph">
@@ -1099,22 +1258,8 @@ pre.rouge .ss {
 <code class="green">3</code></p>
 </div>
 </div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="sect1">
-<h2 id="_dictionaries"><a class="anchor" href="#_dictionaries"></a><a class="link" href="#_dictionaries">3. Dictionaries</a></h2>
-<div class="sectionbody">
-<div class="paragraph">
-<p>The <em>dictionary</em> data-type is set of pairs <em>key/value</em>. It is also known as <em>map</em> or <em>associative array</em>. Dictionary literals are sequences of pairs separated by comma <code>,</code>; sequences are enclosed between brace brackets.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="listingblock">
-<div class="title">Dictionary examples</div>
-<div class="content">
-<pre class="rouge highlight"><code data-lang="go"><span class="p">{</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="s">"one"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="m">2</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="s">"two"</span><span class="p">}</span>
-<span class="p">{</span><span class="s">"one"</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"two"</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="m">2</span><span class="p">}</span>
-<span class="p">{</span><span class="s">"sum"</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"prod"</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">}</span></code></pre>
-</div>
-</div>
+<div class="sect2">
+<h3 id="_dictionaries"><a class="anchor" href="#_dictionaries"></a><a class="link" href="#_dictionaries">2.5. Dictionaries</a></h3>
 <div class="admonitionblock warning">
 <table>
 <tr>
@@ -1127,31 +1272,85 @@ Support for dictionaries is still ongoing.
 </tr>
 </table>
 </div>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<p>The <em>dictionary</em>, or <em>dict</em>, data-type is set of pairs <em>key/value</em>. It is also known as <em>map</em> or <em>associative array</em>. Dictionary literals are sequences of pairs separated by comma <code>,</code>; sequences are enclosed between brace brackets.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="exampleblock">
+<div class="title">Example 7. Dict literal syntax</div>
+<div class="content">
+<div class="paragraph">
+<p><strong><em>dict</em></strong> = <em>empty-dict</em> | <em>non-empty-dict</em><br>
+<em>empty-dict</em> = "<strong>{}</strong>"<br>
+<em>non-empty-dict</em> = "<strong>{</strong>" <em>key-scalar</em> "<strong>:</strong>" <em>any-value</em> {"<strong>,</strong>" <em>key-scalar</em> "<strong>:</strong>" _any-value} "<strong>}</strong>"<br></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<div class="title">Examples</div>
+<p><code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">{1:"one", 2:"two"}</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">{"one":1, "two": 2}</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">{"sum":1+2+3, "prod":1*2*3}</code></p>
+</div>
+</div>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="sect1">
-<h2 id="_variables"><a class="anchor" href="#_variables"></a><a class="link" href="#_variables">4. Variables</a></h2>
+<h2 id="_variables"><a class="anchor" href="#_variables"></a><a class="link" href="#_variables">3. Variables</a></h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <div class="paragraph">
-<p>A variable is an identifier with an assigned value. Variables are stored in the object that implements the Go <em>ExprContext</em> interface, e.g. <em>SimpleVarStore</em> or <em>SimpleFuncStore</em>.</p>
+<p><em>Expr</em> supports variables like most programming languages. A variable is an identifier with an assigned value. Variables are stored in <em>contexts</em>.</p>
 </div>
-<div class="listingblock">
-<div class="title">Examples</div>
+<div class="exampleblock">
+<div class="title">Example 8. Variable literal syntax</div>
 <div class="content">
-<pre class="rouge highlight"><code data-lang="go"><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">1</span>
-<span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="m">5.2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="m">9</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">y</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="m">2</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">x</span></code></pre>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<p><strong><em>variable</em></strong> = <em>identifier</em> "<strong>=</strong>" <em>any-value</em><br>
+<em>identifier</em> = <em>alpha</em> {(<em>alpha</em>)|<em>dec-digit</em>|"<strong>_</strong>"}<br>
+<em>alpha</em> = "<strong>a</strong>"|"<strong>b</strong>"|&#8230;&#8203;"<strong>z</strong>"|"<strong>A</strong>"|"<strong>B</strong>"|&#8230;&#8203;"<strong>Z</strong>"</p>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
+<div class="admonitionblock note">
+<table>
+<tr>
+<td class="icon">
+<i class="fa icon-note" title="Note"></i>
+</td>
+<td class="content">
+The assign operator <code class="blue">=</code> returns the value assigned to the variable.
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+</div>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<div class="title">Examples</div>
+<p><code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">a=1</code><br>
+<code class="green">1</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">a_b=1+2</code><br>
+<code class="green">1+2</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">a_b</code><br>
+<code class="green">3</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">x = 5.2 * (9-3)</code>  <em class="gray">// The assigned value has the approximation error typical of the float data-type</em><br>
+<code class="green">31.200000000000003</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">x = 1; y = 2*x</code><br>
+<code class="green">2</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue"><em>a=2</code><br>
+<code class="red">Parse Error: [1:2] unexpected token "</em>"</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">1=2</code><br>
+<code class="red">Parse Error: assign operator ("=") must be preceded by a variable</code></p>
+</div>
+</div>
 </div>
 <div class="sect1">
-<h2 id="_other_operations"><a class="anchor" href="#_other_operations"></a><a class="link" href="#_other_operations">5. Other operations</a></h2>
+<h2 id="_other_operations"><a class="anchor" href="#_other_operations"></a><a class="link" href="#_other_operations">4. Other operations</a></h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <div class="sect2">
-<h3 id="_operator"><a class="anchor" href="#_operator"></a><a class="link" href="#_operator">5.1. <code class="blue">;</code> operator</a></h3>
+<h3 id="_operator"><a class="anchor" href="#_operator"></a><a class="link" href="#_operator">4.1. <code class="blue">;</code> operator</a></h3>
 <div class="paragraph">
-<p>The semicolon operator <code class="blue">;</code> is an infixed pseudo-operator. It evaluates the left expression first and then the right expression. The latter is the final result.</p>
+<p>The semicolon operator <code class="blue">;</code> is an infixed pseudo-operator. It evaluates the left expression first and then the right expression. The value of the latter is the final result.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<p>An expression that contains <code class="blue">;</code> is called a <em>multi-expression</em> and each component expressione is called a <em>sub-expression</em>.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="admonitionblock important">
 <table>
@@ -1177,15 +1376,22 @@ Technically <code class="blue">;</code> is not treated as a real operator. It ac
 </tr>
 </table>
 </div>
-<div class="listingblock">
+<div class="paragraph">
 <div class="title">Example</div>
-<div class="content">
-<pre class="rouge highlight"><code data-lang="go"><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">c</span>    <span class="c">// returns 6</span></code></pre>
+<p><code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">a=1; b=2; c=3; a+b+c</code><br>
+<code class="green">6</code></p>
 </div>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<p>The value of each sub-expression is stored in the automatica variable <em>last</em>.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<div class="title">Example</div>
+<p><code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">2+3; b=last+10; last</code><br>
+<code class="green">15</code></p>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="sect2">
-<h3 id="_but_operator"><a class="anchor" href="#_but_operator"></a><a class="link" href="#_but_operator">5.2. <code class="blue">but</code> operator</a></h3>
+<h3 id="_but_operator"><a class="anchor" href="#_but_operator"></a><a class="link" href="#_but_operator">4.2. <code class="blue">but</code> operator</a></h3>
 <div class="paragraph">
 <p><code class="blue">but</code> is an infixed operator. Its operands can be expressions of any type. It evaluates the left expression first, then the right expression. The value of the right expression is the final result. Examples: <code class="blue">5 but 2</code> returns 2, <code class="blue">x=2*3 but x-1</code> returns 5.</p>
 </div>
@@ -1194,74 +1400,116 @@ Technically <code class="blue">;</code> is not treated as a real operator. It ac
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="sect2">
-<h3 id="_assignment_operator"><a class="anchor" href="#_assignment_operator"></a><a class="link" href="#_assignment_operator">5.3. Assignment operator <code class="blue">=</code></a></h3>
+<h3 id="_assignment_operator"><a class="anchor" href="#_assignment_operator"></a><a class="link" href="#_assignment_operator">4.3. Assignment operator <code class="blue">=</code></a></h3>
 <div class="paragraph">
 <p>The assignment operator <code class="blue">=</code> is used to define variables in the evaluation context or to change their value (see <em>ExprContext</em>).
 The value on the left side of <code class="blue">=</code> must be an identifier. The value on the right side can be any expression and it becomes the result of the assignment operation.</p>
 </div>
-<div class="listingblock">
+<div class="paragraph">
 <div class="title">Example</div>
-<div class="content">
-<pre class="rouge highlight"><code data-lang="go"><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">15</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="m">1</span>    <span class="c">// returns 16</span></code></pre>
-</div>
+<p><code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">a=15+1</code>
+<code class="green">16</code></p>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="sect2">
-<h3 id="_selector_operator"><a class="anchor" href="#_selector_operator"></a><a class="link" href="#_selector_operator">5.4. Selector operator <code class="blue">? : ::</code></a></h3>
+<h3 id="_selector_operator"><a class="anchor" href="#_selector_operator"></a><a class="link" href="#_selector_operator">4.4. Selector operator <code class="blue">? : ::</code></a></h3>
 <div class="paragraph">
 <p>The <em>selector operator</em> is very similar to the <em>switch/case/default</em> statement available in many programming languages.</p>
 </div>
-<div class="listingblock">
-<div class="title">Syntax</div>
-<div class="content">
-<pre class="rouge highlight"><code data-lang="bnf">&lt;selector-operator&gt; ::= &lt;select-expression&gt; "?" &lt;selector-case&gt; { ":" &lt;selector-case&gt; } ["::" &lt;default-multi-expression&gt;]
-&lt;selector-case&gt; ::= [&lt;match-list&gt;] &lt;case-value&gt;
-&lt;match-list&gt; ::= "["&lt;item&gt;{","&lt;items&gt;}"]"
-&lt;item&gt; ::= &lt;expression
-&lt;case-multi-expression&gt; ::= "{" &lt;multi-expression&gt; "}"
-&lt;multi-expression&gt; ::= &lt;expression&gt; {";" &lt;expression&gt;}</code></pre>
-</div>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<div class="title">Selector literal Syntax</div>
+<p><em>selector-operator</em> = <em>select-expression</em> "<strong>?</strong>" <em>selector-case</em> { "<strong>:</strong>" <em>selector-case</em> } ["<strong>::</strong>" <em>default-multi-expression</em>]<br>
+<em>selector-case</em> = [<em>match-list</em>] <em>case-value</em><br>
+<em>match-list</em> = "<strong>[</strong>" <em>item</em> {"<strong>,</strong>" <em>items</em>} "<strong>]</strong>"<br>
+<em>item</em> = <em>expression</em><br>
+<em>case-multi-expression</em> = "<strong>{</strong>" <em>multi-expression</em> "<strong>}</strong>"<br>
+<em>multi-expression</em> = <em>expression</em> { "<strong>;</strong>" <em>expression</em> }<br>
+<em>default-multi-expression</em> = <em>multi-expression</em></p>
 </div>
 <div class="paragraph">
-<p>In other words, the selector operator evaluates the expression (<code>&lt;select-expression&gt;</code>) on the left-hand side of the <code>?</code> symbol; it then compares the result obtained with the values listed in the <code>&lt;match-list&gt;&#8217;s. If the comparision finds a match with a value in a match-list, the associated  `&lt;case-multi-expression&gt;</code> is evaluted, and its result will be the final result of the selection operation.</p>
+<p>In other words, the selector operator evaluates the <em>select-expression</em> on the left-hand side of the <code class="blue">?</code> symbol; it then compares the result obtained with the values listed in the <em>match-list</em>'s, from left to right. If the comparision finds a match with a value in a <em>match-list</em>, the associated <em>case-multi-expression</em> is evaluted, and its result will be the final result of the selection operation.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="paragraph">
-<p>The match lists are optional. In that case, the position, from left to right, of the <code>&lt;selector-case&gt;</code> is used as match-list. Of course, that only works if the select-expression results in an integer.</p>
+<p>The match lists are optional. In that case, the position, from left to right, of the <em>selector-case</em> is used as <em>match-list</em>. Of course, that only works if the <em>select-expression</em> results in an integer.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="paragraph">
-<p>The <code>:</code> symbol (colon) is the separator of the selector-cases. Note that if the value of the select-expression does not match any match-list, an error will be issued. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to provide a default (multi-)expression introduced by the <code>::</code> symbol (double-colon). Also note that the default expression has no match-list.</p>
+<p>The <code class="blue">:</code> symbol (colon) is the separator of the selector-cases. Note that if the value of the <em>select-expression</em> does not match any <em>match-list</em>, an error will be issued. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to provide a default (multi-)expression introduced by the <code class="blue">::</code> symbol (double-colon). Also note that the default expression has no <em>match-list</em>.</p>
 </div>
-<div class="listingblock">
+<div class="paragraph">
 <div class="title">Examples</div>
-<div class="content">
-<pre class="rouge highlight"><code data-lang="go"><span class="s">`&gt;&gt;&gt;`</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">blue</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="s">`1 ? {"a"} : {"b"}`</span>
-<span class="p">[</span><span class="n">green</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="s">`b`</span>
-<span class="s">`&gt;&gt;&gt;`</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">blue</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="s">`10 ? {"a"} : {"b"} :: {"c"}`</span>
-<span class="p">[</span><span class="n">green</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="s">`c'
-[green]`</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="s">` [blue]`</span><span class="m">10</span> <span class="err">?</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">"a"</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="o">:</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="no">true</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="m">2</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="m">8</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">"b"</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="o">::</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">"c"</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="s">`
-[green]`</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="s">`
-`</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="s">` [blue]`</span><span class="m">10</span> <span class="err">?</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">"a"</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="o">:</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="no">true</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="m">2</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="m">8</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">"b"</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="o">::</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">10</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">"c"</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="s">`
-[red]`</span><span class="n">Parse</span> <span class="n">Error</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="m">34</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="k">case</span> <span class="n">list</span> <span class="n">in</span> <span class="k">default</span> <span class="n">clause</span><span class="s">`
-[green]`</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="s">` [blue]`</span><span class="m">10</span> <span class="err">?</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">"a"</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="o">:</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">10</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"b"</span> <span class="n">but</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="o">::</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">"c"</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="s">`
-[green]`</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="s">`
-`</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="s">` [blue]`</span><span class="m">10</span> <span class="err">?</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">"a"</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="o">:</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">10</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"b"</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="o">::</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">"c"</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="s">`
-[green]`</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="s">`
-`</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="s">` [blue]`</span><span class="m">10</span> <span class="err">?</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">"a"</span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">"b"</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="s">`
-[red]`</span><span class="n">Eval</span> <span class="n">Error</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="n">no</span> <span class="k">case</span> <span class="n">catches</span> <span class="n">the</span> <span class="n">value</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="m">10</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="n">of</span> <span class="n">the</span> <span class="n">selection</span> <span class="n">expression</span><span class="s">`
-</span></code></pre>
+<p><code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">1 ? {"a"} : {"b"}</code><br>
+<code class="green">b</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">10 ? {"a"} : {"b"} :: {"c"}</code><br>
+<code class="green">c'<br>
+[green]</code>&gt;&gt;&gt;` <code class="blue">10 ? {"a"} :[true, 2+8] {"b"} :: {"c"}</code><br>
+<code class="green">b</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">10 ? {"a"} :[true, 2+8] {"b"} ::[10] {"c"}</code><br>
+<code class="red">Parse Error: [1:34] case list in default clause</code><br>
+<code class="green">&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">10 ? {"a"} :[10] {x="b" but x} :: {"c"}</code><br>
+<code class="green">b</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">10 ? {"a"} :[10] {x="b"; x} :: {"c"}</code><br>
+<code class="green">b</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">10 ? {"a"} : {"b"}</code><br>
+<code class="red">Eval Error: [1:3] no case catches the value (10) of the selection expression</code></p>
 </div>
 </div>
+<div class="sect2">
+<h3 id="_variable_default_value_and"><a class="anchor" href="#_variable_default_value_and"></a><a class="link" href="#_variable_default_value_and">4.5. Variable default value <code class="blue">??</code> and <code class="blue">?=</code></a></h3>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<p>The left operand of these two operators must be a variable. The right operator can be any expression. They return the value of the variable if this is define; otherwise they return the value of the right expression.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="admonitionblock important">
+<table>
+<tr>
+<td class="icon">
+<i class="fa icon-important" title="Important"></i>
+</td>
+<td class="content">
+If the left variable is defined, the right expression is not evuated at all.
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+</div>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<p>The <code class="blue">??</code> do not change the status of the left variable.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<p>The <code class="blue">?=</code> assigns the calculated value of the right expression to the left variable.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="paragraph">
+<div class="title">Examples</div>
+<p><code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">var ?? (1+2)&#8217;
+[green]`3</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">var</code><br>
+<code class="red">Eval Error: undefined variable or function "var"</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">var ?= (1+2)</code><br>
+<code class="green">3</code><br>
+<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> <code class="blue">var</code><br>
+<code class="green">3</code></p>
+</div>
+<div class="admonitionblock note">
+<table>
+<tr>
+<td class="icon">
+<i class="fa icon-note" title="Note"></i>
+</td>
+<td class="content">
+These operators have a high priority, in particular higher than the operator <code class="blue">=</code>.
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+</div>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="sect1">
-<h2 id="_priorities_of_operators"><a class="anchor" href="#_priorities_of_operators"></a><a class="link" href="#_priorities_of_operators">6. Priorities of operators</a></h2>
+<h2 id="_priorities_of_operators"><a class="anchor" href="#_priorities_of_operators"></a><a class="link" href="#_priorities_of_operators">5. Priorities of operators</a></h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <div class="paragraph">
 <p>The table below shows all supported operators by decreasing priorities.</p>
 </div>
 <table class="tableblock frame-all grid-all stretch">
-<caption class="title">Table 6. Operators priorities</caption>
+<caption class="title">Table 7. Operators priorities</caption>
 <colgroup>
 <col style="width: 12.5%;">
 <col style="width: 12.5%;">
@@ -1476,7 +1724,7 @@ The value on the left side of <code class="blue">=</code> must be an identifier.
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="sect1">
-<h2 id="_functions"><a class="anchor" href="#_functions"></a><a class="link" href="#_functions">7. Functions</a></h2>
+<h2 id="_functions"><a class="anchor" href="#_functions"></a><a class="link" href="#_functions">6. Functions</a></h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <div class="paragraph">
 <p>Functions in <em>Expr</em> are very similar to functions in many programming languages.</p>
@@ -1485,13 +1733,13 @@ The value on the left side of <code class="blue">=</code> must be an identifier.
 <p>In <em>Expr</em> functions compute values in a local context (scope) that do not make effects on the calling context. This is the normal behavior. Using the reference operator <code class="blue">@</code> it is possibile to export local definition to the calling context.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="sect2">
-<h3 id="_function_calls"><a class="anchor" href="#_function_calls"></a><a class="link" href="#_function_calls">7.1. Function calls</a></h3>
+<h3 id="_function_calls"><a class="anchor" href="#_function_calls"></a><a class="link" href="#_function_calls">6.1. Function calls</a></h3>
 <div class="paragraph">
 <p><mark>TODO: function calls operations</mark></p>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="sect2">
-<h3 id="_function_definitions"><a class="anchor" href="#_function_definitions"></a><a class="link" href="#_function_definitions">7.2. Function definitions</a></h3>
+<h3 id="_function_definitions"><a class="anchor" href="#_function_definitions"></a><a class="link" href="#_function_definitions">6.2. Function definitions</a></h3>
 <div class="paragraph">
 <p><mark>TODO: function definitions operations</mark></p>
 </div>
@@ -1499,17 +1747,17 @@ The value on the left side of <code class="blue">=</code> must be an identifier.
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="sect1">
-<h2 id="_builtins"><a class="anchor" href="#_builtins"></a><a class="link" href="#_builtins">8. Builtins</a></h2>
+<h2 id="_builtins"><a class="anchor" href="#_builtins"></a><a class="link" href="#_builtins">7. Builtins</a></h2>
 <div class="sectionbody">
 <div class="paragraph">
 <p><mark>TODO: builtins</mark></p>
 </div>
 <div class="sect2">
-<h3 id="_builtin_functions"><a class="anchor" href="#_builtin_functions"></a><a class="link" href="#_builtin_functions">8.1. Builtin functions</a></h3>
+<h3 id="_builtin_functions"><a class="anchor" href="#_builtin_functions"></a><a class="link" href="#_builtin_functions">7.1. Builtin functions</a></h3>

 </div>
 <div class="sect2">
-<h3 id="_import"><a class="anchor" href="#_import"></a><a class="link" href="#_import">8.2. <em class="blue">import()</em></a></h3>
+<h3 id="_import"><a class="anchor" href="#_import"></a><a class="link" href="#_import">7.2. <em class="blue">import()</em></a></h3>
 <div class="paragraph">
 <p><em class="blue">import(<span class="grey">&lt;source-file&gt;</span>)</em> loads the multi-expression contained in the specified source and returns its value.</p>
 </div>
@@ -1519,7 +1767,7 @@ The value on the left side of <code class="blue">=</code> must be an identifier.
 </div>
 <div id="footer">
 <div id="footer-text">
-Last updated 2024-05-11 20:13:17 +0200
+Last updated 2024-05-17 15:47:29 +0200
 </div>
 </div>
 </body>
@@ -10,11 +10,7 @@ import (
 )

 func isNilFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err error) {
-	if len(args) == 1 {
-		result = args[0] == nil
-	} else {
-		err = errOneParam(name)
-	}
+	result = args[0] == nil
 	return
 }

@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ func doJoinStr(funcName string, sep string, it Iterator) (result any, err error)
 }

 func joinStrFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err error) {
-	if len(args) < 1 {
-		return nil, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSeparator)
-	}
+//	if len(args) < 1 {
+//		return nil, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSeparator)
+//	}
 	if sep, ok := args[0].(string); ok {
 		if len(args) == 1 {
 			result = ""
@@ -62,9 +62,9 @@ func subStrFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err error
 	var source string
 	var ok bool

-	if len(args) < 1 {
-		return nil, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSource)
-	}
+//	if len(args) < 1 {
+//		return nil, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSource)
+//	}
 	if source, ok = args[0].(string); !ok {
 		return nil, errWrongParamType(name, paramSource, typeString, args[0])
 	}
@@ -93,9 +93,9 @@ func trimStrFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err erro
 	var source string
 	var ok bool

-	if len(args) < 1 {
-		return nil, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSource)
-	}
+//	if len(args) < 1 {
+//		return nil, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSource)
+//	}
 	if source, ok = args[0].(string); !ok {
 		return nil, errWrongParamType(name, paramSource, typeString, args[0])
 	}
@@ -108,9 +108,9 @@ func startsWithStrFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, er
 	var ok bool

 	result = false
-	if len(args) < 1 {
-		return result, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSource)
-	}
+//	if len(args) < 1 {
+//		return result, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSource)
+//	}
 	if source, ok = args[0].(string); !ok {
 		return result, errWrongParamType(name, paramSource, typeString, args[0])
 	}
@@ -133,9 +133,9 @@ func endsWithStrFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err
 	var ok bool

 	result = false
-	if len(args) < 1 {
-		return result, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSource)
-	}
+//	if len(args) < 1 {
+//		return result, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSource)
+//	}
 	if source, ok = args[0].(string); !ok {
 		return result, errWrongParamType(name, paramSource, typeString, args[0])
 	}
@@ -159,9 +159,9 @@ func splitStrFunc(ctx ExprContext, name string, args []any) (result any, err err
 	var parts []string
 	var ok bool

-	if len(args) < 1 {
-		return result, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSource)
-	}
+//	if len(args) < 1 {
+//		return result, errMissingRequiredParameter(name, paramSource)
+//	}
 	if source, ok = args[0].(string); !ok {
 		return result, errWrongParamType(name, paramSource, typeString, args[0])
 	}
@@ -76,6 +76,9 @@ func TestFuncs(t *testing.T) {
 		/*  63 */ {`dec(true)`, float64(1), nil},
 		/*  64 */ {`dec(true")`, nil, errors.New("[1:11] missing string termination \"")},
 		/*  65 */ {`builtin "string"; joinStr("-", [1, "two", "three"])`, nil, errors.New(`joinStr() expected string, got int64 (1)`)},
+		/*  65 */ {`dec()`, nil, errors.New(`too few params -- expected 1, got 0`)},
+		/*  66 */ {`dec(1,2,3)`, nil, errors.New(`too much params -- expected 1, got 3`)},
+		/*  67 */ {`builtin "string"; joinStr()`, nil, errors.New(`too few params -- expected 1 or more, got 0`)},
 		// /*  64 */ {`string(true)`, "true", nil},
 	}

@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ func TestListParser(t *testing.T) {
 		/*  18 */ {`["a", "b", "c"]`, newListA("a", "b", "c"), nil},
 		/*  19 */ {`["a", "b", "c"]`, newList([]any{"a", "b", "c"}), nil},
 		/*  20 */ {`#["a", "b", "c"]`, int64(3), nil},
+		/*  21 */ {`"b" in ["a", "b", "c"]`, true, nil},

 		// /*  8 */ {`[int(x)|x=csv("test.csv",1,all(),1)]`, []any{int64(10), int64(40), int64(20)}, nil},
 		// /*  9 */ {`sum(@[int(x)|x=csv("test.csv",1,all(),1)])`, []any{int64(10), int64(40), int64(20)}, nil},
@@ -58,8 +59,8 @@ func TestListParser(t *testing.T) {
 		var gotErr error

 		ctx := NewSimpleFuncStore()
-		ctx.SetVar("var1", int64(123))
-		ctx.SetVar("var2", "abc")
+		// ctx.SetVar("var1", int64(123))
+		// ctx.SetVar("var2", "abc")
 		ImportMathFuncs(ctx)
 		parser := NewParser(ctx)

@@ -25,14 +25,10 @@ func newFuncCallTerm(tk *Token, args []*term) *term {
 func checkFunctionCall(ctx ExprContext, name string, params []any) (err error) {
 	if info, exists, owner := GetFuncInfo(ctx, name); exists {
 		if info.MinArgs() > len(params) {
-			if info.MaxArgs() < 0 {
-				err = fmt.Errorf("too few params -- expected %d or more, got %d", info.MinArgs(), len(params))
-			} else {
-				err = fmt.Errorf("too few params -- expected %d, got %d", info.MinArgs(), len(params))
-			}
+			err = errTooFewParams(info.MinArgs(), info.MaxArgs(), len(params))
 		}
 		if err == nil && info.MaxArgs() >= 0 && info.MaxArgs() < len(params) {
-			err = fmt.Errorf("too much params -- expected %d, got %d", info.MaxArgs(), len(params))
+			err = errTooMuchParams(info.MaxArgs(), len(params))
 		}
 		if err == nil && owner != ctx {
 			ctx.RegisterFunc(name, info.Functor(), info.MinArgs(), info.MaxArgs())
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ package expr

 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"reflect"
 	"strings"
 )

@@ -61,6 +62,16 @@ func newList(listAny []any) (list *ListType) {
 	return
 }

+func (list *ListType) indexDeepCmp(target any) (index int) {
+	index = -1
+	for i, item := range *list {
+		if reflect.DeepEqual(item, target) {
+			index = i
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	return
+}

 // -------- list term
 func newListTermA(args ...*term) *term {
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 // operand-fraction.go
 package expr

+//https://www.youmath.it/lezioni/algebra-elementare/lezioni-di-algebra-e-aritmetica-per-scuole-medie/553-dalle-frazioni-a-numeri-decimali.html
+
 import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
@@ -29,7 +31,7 @@ func float64ToFraction(f float64) (fract *fraction, err error) {
 	var sign string
 	intPart, decPart := math.Modf(f)
 	if decPart < 0.0 {
-		sign="-"
+		sign = "-"
 		intPart = -intPart
 		decPart = -decPart
 	}
@@ -89,11 +91,14 @@ func makeGeneratingFraction(s string) (f *fraction, err error) {
 		goto exit
 	}
 	if s[0] == '-' {
-		sign=int64(-1)
+		sign = int64(-1)
 		s = s[1:]
 	} else if s[0] == '+' {
 		s = s[1:]
 	}
+	if strings.HasSuffix(s, "()") {
+		s = s[0 : len(s)-2]
+	}
 	parts = strings.SplitN(s, ".", 2)
 	if num, err = strconv.ParseInt(parts[0], 10, 64); err != nil {
 		return
@@ -106,7 +111,7 @@ func makeGeneratingFraction(s string) (f *fraction, err error) {
 			den = 1
 			dec := parts[1]
 			lsd := len(dec)
-			for i:=lsd-1; i>= 0 && dec[i]=='0'; i-- {
+			for i := lsd - 1; i >= 0 && dec[i] == '0'; i-- {
 				lsd--
 			}
 			for _, c := range dec[0:lsd] {
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2024 Celestino Amoroso (celestino.amoroso@gmail.com).
+// All rights reserved.
+
+// operator-in.go
+package expr
+
+//-------- in term
+
+func newInTerm(tk *Token) (inst *term) {
+	return &term{
+		tk:       *tk,
+		children: make([]*term, 0, 2),
+		position: posInfix,
+		priority: priRelational,
+		evalFunc: evalIn,
+	}
+}
+
+func hasKey(d map[any]any, target any) (ok bool) {
+	_, ok = d[target]
+	return
+}
+
+func evalIn(ctx ExprContext, self *term) (v any, err error) {
+	var leftValue, rightValue any
+
+	if leftValue, rightValue, err = self.evalInfix(ctx); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	if IsList(rightValue) {
+		list, _ := rightValue.(*ListType)
+		v = list.indexDeepCmp(leftValue) >= 0
+	} else if IsDict(rightValue) {
+		d, _ := rightValue.(map[any]any)
+		v = hasKey(d, leftValue)
+	} else {
+		err = self.errIncompatibleTypes(leftValue, rightValue)
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+// init
+func init() {
+	registerTermConstructor(SymKwIn, newInTerm)
+}
@@ -158,6 +158,8 @@ func TestGeneralParser(t *testing.T) {
 		/* 137 */ {`builtin "os.file"`, int64(1), nil},
 		/* 138 */ {`v=10; v++; v`, int64(11), nil},
 		/* 139 */ {`1+1|2+0.5`, float64(2), nil},
+		/* 140 */ {`1.2()`, newFraction(6, 5), nil},
+		/* 141 */ {`1|(2-2)`, nil, errors.New(`division by zero`)},
 	}

 	// t.Setenv("EXPR_PATH", ".")
@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@ const (
 	SymKwBut
 	SymKwFunc
 	SymKwBuiltin
+	SymKwIn
 	SymKwInclude
 	SymKwNil
 )
@@ -112,6 +113,7 @@ func init() {
 		"BUILTIN": SymKwBuiltin,
 		"BUT":     SymKwBut,
 		"FUNC":    SymKwFunc,
+		"IN":      SymKwIn,
 		"INCLUDE": SymKwInclude,
 		"NOT":     SymKwNot,
 		"OR":      SymKwOr,
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ func TestGetRoom(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("err: got <%v>, want <nil>", gotErr)
 	}
 }
+
 func TestGetChildrenCount(t *testing.T) {
 	tk1 := NewValueToken(0, 0, SymInteger, "100", 100)

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2024 Celestino Amoroso (celestino.amoroso@gmail.com).
+// All rights reserved.
+
+// utils_test.go
+package expr
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestIsString(t *testing.T) {
+	count := 0
+	succeeded := 0
+	failed := 0
+
+	count++
+	if !IsBool(true) {
+		t.Errorf("%d: IsBool(true) -> result = false, want true", count)
+		failed++
+	} else {
+		succeeded++
+	}
+
+	count++
+	if !IsString("abc") {
+		t.Errorf("%d: IsString(\"abc\") -> result = false, want true", count)
+		failed++
+	} else {
+		succeeded++
+	}
+
+	count++
+	if !IsInteger(int64(123)) {
+		t.Errorf("%d: IsInteger(123) -> result = false, want true", count)
+		failed++
+	} else {
+		succeeded++
+	}
+
+	count++
+	if !IsFloat(1.23) {
+		t.Errorf("%d: IsFloat(1.23) -> result = false, want true", count)
+		failed++
+	} else {
+		succeeded++
+	}
+
+	count++
+	if !IsFloat(numAsFloat(123)) {
+		t.Errorf("%d: IsFloat(numAsFloat(123)) -> result = false, want true", count)
+		failed++
+	} else {
+		succeeded++
+	}
+
+	count++
+	b, ok := toBool(true)
+	if !(ok && b) {
+		t.Errorf("%d: toBool(true) b=%v, ok=%v -> result = false, want true", count, b, ok)
+		failed++
+	} else {
+		succeeded++
+	}
+
+	count++
+	b, ok = toBool("abc")
+	if !(ok && b) {
+		t.Errorf("%d: toBool(\"abc\") b=%v, ok=%v -> result = false, want true", count, b, ok)
+		failed++
+	} else {
+		succeeded++
+	}
+
+	t.Logf("test count: %d, succeeded count: %d, failed count: %d", count, succeeded, failed)
+}
+
+func TestToIntOk(t *testing.T) {
+	source := int64(64)
+	wantValue := int(64)
+	wantErr := error(nil)
+
+	gotValue, gotErr := toInt(source, "test")
+
+	if gotErr != nil || gotValue != wantValue {
+		t.Errorf("toInt(%v, \"test\") gotValue=%v, gotErr=%v -> wantValue=%v, wantErr=%v",
+			source, gotValue, gotErr, wantValue, wantErr)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestToIntErr(t *testing.T) {
+	source := uint64(64)
+	wantValue := 0
+	wantErr := errors.New(`test expected integer, got uint64 (64)`)
+
+	gotValue, gotErr := toInt(source, "test")
+
+	if gotErr.Error() != wantErr.Error() || gotValue != wantValue {
+		t.Errorf("toInt(%v, \"test\") gotValue=%v, gotErr=%v -> wantValue=%v, wantErr=%v",
+			source, gotValue, gotErr, wantValue, wantErr)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAnyInteger(t *testing.T) {
+	type inputType struct {
+		source    any
+		wantValue int64
+		wantOk    bool
+	}
+	section := "utils.anyInteger"
+
+	inputs := []inputType{
+		/*  1 */ {int8(-8), int64(-8), true},
+		/*  2 */ {int16(-16), int64(-16), true},
+		/*  3 */ {int32(-32), int64(-32), true},
+		/*  4 */ {int64(-64), int64(-64), true},
+		/*  5 */ {uint8(8), int64(8), true},
+		/*  6 */ {uint16(16), int64(16), true},
+		/*  7 */ {uint32(32), int64(32), true},
+		/*  8 */ {uint64(64), int64(64), true},
+		/*  9 */ {int(-1), int64(-1), true},
+		/* 10 */ {true, 0, false},
+	}
+
+	succeeded := 0
+	failed := 0
+
+	for i, input := range inputs {
+		gotValue, gotOk := anyInteger(input.source)
+		if gotOk != input.wantOk || gotValue != input.wantValue {
+			t.Errorf("%d: anyInteger(%v) -> gotOk = %t, wantOk = %t; gotValue = %v, wantValue = %v",
+				i+1, input.source, gotOk, input.wantOk, gotValue, input.wantValue)
+			failed++
+		} else {
+			succeeded++
+		}
+	}
+	t.Logf("%s -- test count: %d, succeeded: %d, failed: %d", section, len(inputs), succeeded, failed)
+}
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
camoroso	c39970fa7e	new operator 'in' added. It check if an item is member of a list, or if a key is contained in a dictionary	2024-05-18 07:47:41 +02:00
camoroso	14bb9e942b	operator-fraction.go: added link to a tutorial about fractions	2024-05-18 07:07:17 +02:00
camoroso	9451958218	utils_test.go: new test file	2024-05-18 07:06:06 +02:00
camoroso	91fdc1926e	Doc: updated last change date and time	2024-05-17 15:48:17 +02:00
camoroso	9a3abdf1b6	Doc: more details on the syntax of the selector and variable default operators	2024-05-17 15:46:56 +02:00
camoroso	ac3e690f87	Doc: more details on the syntax of the dictionaries, variables and multi-expressions	2024-05-17 07:31:13 +02:00
camoroso	f0a152a17a	Doc: more details on the syntax of the numbers, strings and boolean	2024-05-16 07:11:20 +02:00
camoroso	ca89931ca9	Doc: more details on the syntax of the numbers	2024-05-15 22:06:26 +02:00
camoroso	d2e8aed4f7	parser_test.go: test on divisopn by-zero	2024-05-15 22:05:49 +02:00
camoroso	8138cd2a80	operand-func.go: commented the errors moved to common-errors..go	2024-05-15 22:04:38 +02:00
camoroso	6786666cf4	funcs_test.go: added some tests	2024-05-15 22:03:41 +02:00
camoroso	35e794701a	func-string.go: commented out the param count check	2024-05-15 22:03:03 +02:00
camoroso	52ef134be6	func-base.go: commented out the param count check	2024-05-15 22:02:07 +02:00
camoroso	624318d84e	common-errors.go: moved here some errors	2024-05-15 22:01:13 +02:00
camoroso	aa1338cd51	Fixed special convertion case from decimal 'x.y()' to fraction	2024-05-15 06:45:40 +02:00